Permanent magnet synchronous linear motor is one of the most representative advanced motor technologies in the new generation of high-efficient and high-precision electronic equipment, CNC machine tools, and other electromechanical products. A permanent magnet synchronous linear motor model is established. Without considering edge effects, a mathematical model of the tangential electromagnetic force on the primary teeth of the motor is established, and the finite element analysis software is used to simulate and calculate the single tooth tangential electromagnetic force and local cogging electromagnetic force of the motor. Finally, the modal and vibration acceleration of the motor are calculated using the ANSYS Workbench platform to verify the importance of tangential electromagnetic force in vibration analysis. The results indicate that the fluctuation of local cogging electromagnetic force is the important cause of vibration generated by single tooth tangential force. The vibration of the motor can be effectively reduced by reasonably adjusting the distribution of the magnetic field in the primary teeth of the motor, which provides a reference for the design and optimization of this type of motor.