为了使货运列车运行过程切近实际，提出了一种基于加速度自适应的货运列车质点模型平滑切换方法。首先，建立列车的单质点和多质点模型，基于扰动加速度偏差变化率进行列车多模型的自适应切换研究。然后，为了降低大功率机车牵引电机的工作能耗，引入货运列车牵引控制的多目标和约束条件，建立了多目标优化模型，并提出一种新型的多目标飞蛾扑火(MOMFO)算法用于优化货运列车运行过程。最后，采用HXD1型电力机车牵引50节C80货车作为研究对象，通过仿真验证了所提方法对货运列车牵引电机节能及运行过程优化具有重要意义。

In order to make the running process of freight train model close to reality, a smooth switching method of freight train particle model based on acceleration adaptation is proposed. Firstly, the single-point and multi-point models of the train are established, and the adaptive switching between the models is studied based on the change rate of disturbed acceleration deviation. Then, in order to reduce the working energy consumption of the high-power locomotive traction motor, the multi-objective optimization model is established by introducing optimization objectives and constraint conditions of freight train traction control, and a new multi-objective moth-flame optimization (MOMFO) algorithm is proposed to optimize the running process of freight train. Finally, using HXD1 electric locomotive pulling 50 C80 freight cars as the research object, the simulation verifies that the proposed method is of great significance to energy saving and operation process optimization of freight train traction motor.