气体绝缘开关设备(GIS)运行时常发生开关部件及电气连接点的松动故障，引发机械的异常振动。分别从导电杆所受电磁力与涡流两方面推导三相共体式GIS与三相分体式GIS受力振动机理，进行仿真建模，证明了振动机理的正确性。建立松动故障时接触面受力振动模型，仿真计算松动时接触面的振动位移，并对比正常运行时振动特性与松动故障时振动特性的差异，发现松动故障时振动信号在某些频段的能量会增加，常见的是在1 000~2 000 Hz段的能量增加明显。进行现场实际的松动故障模拟，采集GIS振动信号，对振动信号进行时频变换提取频谱特征，验证了仿真计算的正确性。

The looseness fault of switch parts and electrical connection points often occurs in the operation of gas insulated switchgear (GIS), which leads to abnormal mechanical vibration. The vibration mechanism of three-phase community GIS and three-phase split GIS is derived from the electromagnetic force and eddy current on the conductive rod respectively, and the correctness of the vibration mechanism is proved by simulation modeling. The mechanical vibration model of the contact surface in the case of looseness fault is established, and the vibration displacement of the contact surface in the case of looseness is calculated by simulation. By comparing the vibration characteristics of normal operation with those of looseness fault, it is found that the energy of vibration signal will increase in some frequency bands when loosening fault occurs, and the energy increase is obvious in the 1 000~2 000 Hz range. By simulating the actual looseness fault on site, collecting the GIS vibration signal, and extracting the spectrum characteristics of the vibration signal by time-frequency transformation, the correctness of the simulation calculation is verified.

国家自然科学基金项目(51577050)；国网江苏省电力公司重点科技项目(J20200040)