针对大惯性脉冲发电机励磁控制问题，提出了鲸鱼优化的自适应PID控制方法。根据脉冲发电机的工作特点和励磁控制的基本要求，从考虑反映发电机参数随转速变化的二阶有名值模型出发，建立了脉冲发电机简化的单输入单输出线性励磁控制系统。对该系统采用基于经典控制理论的PID控制方法，为提高系统的响应时间和控制精度，设计了参数随误差自动调节的参数自适应PID控制。对于参数调整系数的整定，构建了以时间权重误差积分为优化目标，参数调整系数为优化变量的优化问题，并使用鲸鱼优化算法（WOA）进行求解。最后，对控制方法进行仿真，并与鲸鱼优化PID相比，空载起励阶跃响应的上升时间从 1.21 s 提高到了0.88 s，稳态误差两者相当；负载时，上升时间从2.01 s提高为1.60 s，稳态误差从4.04%降低为1.96%。仿真结果证实了所提方法的有效性。

The large inertial impulse generator has the problem of excitation control. To solve this problem, a self-adaptive PID control method of whale optimization is proposed. According to the working characteristics of pulse generator and the basic requirements of excitation control, a simplified single-input single-output linear excitation control system of pulse generator is established based on the second-order name-value model of reaction generator parameters varying with speed. The PID control method based on classical control theory is adopted for the system. In order to improve the response time and control accuracy of the system, a parameter self-adaptive PID is designed which adjusts parameters automatically with the error. For the tuning of parameter adjustment coefficient, an optimization problem is constructed with the time weight error integral as the optimization objective and the parameter adjustment coefficient as the optimization variable, and the whale optimization algorithm (WOA) is used to solve the problem. Finally, the control method is simulated, and compared with the whale optimization PID, the rise time of the excitation response under no-load increases from 1.21 s to 0.88 s, and the steady-state error is similar. Under load, the rise time increases from 2.01 s to 1.60 s, and the steady-state error decreases from 4.04% to 1.96%. The effectiveness of the proposed method is verified.