不同类型电机的机电能量变换过程有其内在关联性，这就是“统一”电机模型理论探讨的问题。作者此前提出了“法拉第参考系”和“牵连运动电动势”概念，可实现线圈固结坐标系与运动坐标系下电压矢量方程的一致表达，并为统一电机模型理论提供了一个有效的理论方法。在此基础上，提出四线圈原型电机模型，藉此统一表征电机的机电能量变换过程。基于空间矢量数学手段，具体推导了所述原型电机模型的电压、转矩表达式，讨论了原型电机模型的基本输入、输出特性。结合理论推导证明，通过设置附加约束条件，所述原型电机模型可推广表征常见典型电机。该工作来源于教学实践，是对统一电机模型理论的有益拓展和补充；该工作对于电机工程实践也有一定参考价值，基于所给出的矢量控制架构，有望实现不同类型电机矢量控制架构的统一。

The unified theory of electrical machinery should identify the inherent relationships of the electromechanical energy conversion process among different types of electrical machinery. Previously, the concepts of “Faraday reference frame” and “entrainment electromotive force” are proposed for rotational reference frames, which achieved a consistent expression of voltage equations under the winding-fixed coordinate system and the rotational coordinate system. On this basis, a four-coil unified model of electrical machinery is proposed. The electromechanical energy transformation process of the motor is uniformly characterized. Based on space vector mathematics, and its voltage and torque equation of four-coil prototype motor under space vector expressions are derived. Furthermore, the basic input and output characteristics of the unified model of electrical machinery is discussed, an equivalent physical characterization of typical electrical machinery is provided by setting additional constraint conditions through theoretical analysis. This work comes from teaching practice and is a helpful extension and supplement to the unified model of electrical machinery theory. This work also has a potential reference value for practical applications. The proposed vector control principle may potentially achieve a unified underlying algorithmic architecture for vector control of different types of electrical machineries.

国家自然科学基金项目（52202448）