无位置传感器电机驱动器具有成本低、可靠性高、硬件电路简单以及维护要求少等优势，在学术界和工业应用中受到了越来越多的关注。对适用于零低速域、中高速域以及全速域三种运行范围的多种无位置传感器技术进行了综述。首先，分别对比分析了零低速域和中高速域下各种无位置传感器控制方法的优缺点。其次，梳理和总结了目前全速域运行的切换控制策略。最后，对永磁同步电机无位置控制技术的未来发展趋势进行了展望，并指出了后续研究的关键问题。

Position sensorless motor drives have attracted increasing attention in academia and industrial applications due to their advantages of low cost, high reliability, simple hardware circuits, and low maintenance requirements. A variety of position sensorless technologies are reviewed for three operating ranges: zero-low speed domains, medium-high speed domains, and full speed domains. Firstly, the advantages and disadvantages of various position sensorless control methods at zero-low and medium-high speeds domains are comparatively analyzed, respectively. Secondly, the current switching control strategy for full-speed domains operation is sorted out and summarized. Finally, the future development trend of position sensorless control technology for permanent magnet synchronous motor is prospected, and the key problems of follow-up research are pointed out.

国家自然基金项目（52277065）；国家重点研发计划项目（2020YFA0710500）