定子绕组的匝间短路故障是永磁同步电机最为常见的故障之一，故障发生时被短路部分绕组中将会产生较大的电流，这将对电机的安全运行造成巨大威胁。为实现匝间短路的故障诊断，将分析匝间短路故障对电机定子侧电流的影响。通过有限元仿真和试验测试获取不同匝间短路严重程度下的定子侧电流，从电流不平衡度、负序电流和小波能量谱三个角度分析匝间短路故障对电机定子侧电流的影响。分析结果表明，当短路匝数增加、故障点接触电阻减小时，电流不平衡度、负序电流和小波能量谱中的D1频段能量变化率都将增大。因此，这三个指标的增加可以作为匝间短路故障的判断依据。

The inter-turn short-circuit (ITSC) fault of stator winding is one of the most common faults of permanent magnet synchronous motor (PMSM). A large current will be generated in the shorted portion of the winding when the fault occurs, which will pose a great threat to the safe operation of PMSM. In order to diagnose the ITSC fault, the effect of ITSC fault on the stator current of PMSM is analyzed. The stator currents of PMSM with different ITSC faults are obtained by finite element simulation and experimental measurements. And the effect of ITSC fault on stator current of PMSM is analyzed by current imbalance, negative-sequence current, and wavelet energy spectrum. The analysis results show that with the increase of short-circuited turns and the decrease of contact resistance, the current imbalance, negative-sequence current, and the energy gradient of D1 in wavelet energy spectrum increase. Thus, the increase of these three indicators can be used as the basis for diagnosing the ITSC fault.

国家自然科学基金(51407119)