本文以自通风型牵引电机为研究对象,对气动噪声特征进行了分析,包括噪声的物理度量、气动噪声的鉴别以及气动噪声的分类。通过空载噪声试验,分析原型机的噪声成分,确定主要噪声源。基于CFD理论计算电机整机稳态流场,获取系统风阻、速度分布等参数,根据流动特性预测评估电机气动噪声。通过进出风结构与动力风扇的优化设计,从声源上降噪,并采用隔声罩从噪声传播路径上控制噪声。经试验验证,在高转速段,采用通风优化设计与声学措施使电机气动噪声得到明显改善,结论可为自通风型牵引电机的降噪设计提供理论参考。

Taking self-ventilated traction motor as the research object, the characteristics of aerodynamic noise were analyzed in this paper, including the physical measurement of noise, identification and classification of aerodynamic noise. Through no-load noise test, the noise components of the prototype machine were analyzed and the main noise sources were identified. Based on CFD theory, the steady flow field of the whole motor was calculated to obtain parameters such as system wind resistance and velocity distribution. The motor aerodynamic noise was then predicted and evaluated according to flow characteristics. Noise reduction was achieved at the source by optimizing the design of the air inlet and outlet structures and the power fan. Meanwhile, an acoustic enclosure was used to control noise along the transmission path. The test results showed that the aerodynamic noise of the motor was significantly improved by adopting ventilation optimization design and acoustic measures at high rotational speeds 

国家重点研发计划项目(2022YFB4301102);流体动力基础件与机电系统全国重点实验室自主课题(SKLoFP_ZZ_2302)