【目的】针对航空泵用屏蔽电机在特殊工况下的运行需求，以及传统屏蔽电机存在的损耗高、效率低和结构复杂等问题，本文提出一种基于内外双重水循环的航空泵用屏蔽电机。【方法】通过对航空泵用屏蔽电机结构特点与设计指标要求进行深入剖析，针对影响屏蔽电机性能的水摩损耗与屏蔽套损耗进行详细分析与计算，并对比不同屏蔽套材料的性能差异，从气隙长度、屏蔽套厚度等关键参数出发，开展参数化扫描，全面分析这些参数对电机性能的影响机理，为电机主要电磁参数的选择提供依据。针对电机变负载起动特性，以电机所带真实负载为参考，拟合起动特性曲线进行变负载起动特性分析；虑及流体力学因素，采用有限体积法和有限元法，通过流固耦合分析电机及屏蔽套在不同温度工况下的应力分布特性。【结果】经多物理场耦合仿真与试验结果表明，合理选择电机的长径比与气隙长度能够有效降低水摩损耗，选用聚醚醚酮作为屏蔽套材料，其内部应力能够完全满足强度的需求。在负载工况下样机输出转矩与仿真结果相比误差为1.7%，空负载转速最大误差为0.66%，表明该电机能够很好满足特殊工况的要求。【结论】试验验证了该设计的合理性与可行性，为航空泵用屏蔽电机的优化设计提供理论依据与实践参考。

[Objective] In view of the operational requirements of the shielded motor for aviation pumps under special working conditions, as well as the issues of high loss, low efficiency, and complex structure in traditional shielded motors, this paper proposes a shielded motor for aviation pumps based on internal and external dual water circulation. [Methods] Through in-depth analysis of the structural characteristics and design index requirements of the shielded motor for aviation pumps, the water friction loss and shielded sleeve losses that affected the motor performance were analyzed and calculated in detail, and the performance differences of different shielded sleeve materials were compared. Starting from the key parameters such as air gap length and shielded sleeve thickness, a parametric scanning was performed to comprehensively analyze the effect mechanisms of these parameters on motor performance, which provided the basis for the selection of main electromagnetic parameters of the motor. In addition, regarding the variable load starting characteristics of the motor, the actual load carried by the motor was used as a reference to fit the starting characteristic curve for variable load starting analysis. Considering the fluid dynamics factors, the finite volume method and finite element method were applied to analyze the stress distribution characteristics of the motor and shielded sleeve under different temperatures through the fluid-solid coupling. [Results] The multi-physical field coupling simulation and experimental results showed that the reasonable selection of the length-to-diameter ratio and air gap length of the motor could effectively reduce water friction losses. The poly-ether-ether-ketone was selected as the shielded sleeve material, and its internal stress could fully meet the strength requirements. Meanwhile, under the load condition, the error between the output torque of the prototype and the simulation results was 1.7%, and the maximum error in no-load rotational speed was 0.66%, proving that the motor could effectively meet the requirements of special operating conditions. [Conclusion] The experiment verifies the rationality and feasibility of the design, providing theoretical basis and practical reference for the optimization and design of shielded motors for aviation pumps.

国家自然科学基金(52307050);河南省科技攻关项目(202102210093,212102210256);河南省高等学校青年骨干教师培养计划项目(2020GGJS055)