【目的】本文针对分数槽集中绕组(FSCW)双转子同步电机的非主导极次谐波含量高、转矩脉动较大的问题，提出了通过在原绕组上设置补偿绕组来优化双极对数耦合的磁场结构，抑制非主导极次谐波，增大主导极次谐波的含量，从而降低由磁场不均匀引起的转矩脉动。【方法】本文首先分析了FSCW的基本理论，介绍了双转子同步电机的结构特点及其耦合原理，采用代数法和相量合成法分析了不同槽极配合下的FSCW谐波磁动势的分布规律，并推导了分布系数。然后，根据主导极次谐波和含量较高的非主导极次谐波的分布情况、合成磁动势的峰谷规律设计了特定次谐波的直接补偿方法，并利用虚位移法推导了电磁转矩表达式。最后，通过有限元仿真和虚位移法理论计算对谐波补偿前后的气隙磁密、转矩脉动变化进行分析。【结果】有限元仿真结果和虚位移法理论计算结果吻合度较高，表明虚位移法用于转矩计算具有较高的正确性；添加补偿绕组后的电磁转矩波形的正弦度更好，两个转子的转矩脉动明显降低，添加1对极补偿绕组后，1号转子和2号转子的转矩脉动分别减小了30.11%和41.1%。【结论】本文方法可以有效抑制含量较高的非主导极次谐波，优化转矩波形，降低转矩脉动，从而提高电机的工作效率。

[Objective] This paper aims to address the issue of high content of non-dominant harmonics and significant torque pulsation in fractional slot concentrated winding (FSCW) dual-rotor synchronous motors. A compensation winding is proposed to optimize the magnetic field structure of dual-pole-pair coupling, suppress non-dominant pole-order harmonics, and increase the content of dominant harmonics, thereby reducing torque pulsation caused by non-uniform magnetic fields. [Methods] Firstly, the fundamental theory of FSCW was analyzed, and the structural characteristics and coupling principles of dual-rotor synchronous motors were introduced. The algebraic and phasor synthesis methods were employed to analyze the distribution patterns of harmonic magnetomotive force in FSCW under different slot-pole combinations, and the distribution coefficients were derived. Subsequently, based on the distribution of dominant and high-content non-dominant pole-order harmonics, as well as the peak and valley characteristics of the synthesized magnetomotive force, a direct compensation method for specific harmonics was designed. The virtual displacement method was used to derive the expression for electromagnetic torque. Finally, finite element simulation and theoretical calculations using the virtual displacement method were conducted to analyze the changes in air-gap flux density and torque pulsation before and after harmonic compensation. [Results] The finite element simulation results showed high consistency with the theoretical calculations using the virtual displacement method, verifying the accuracy of the method for torque calculation. The electromagnetic torque waveform exhibited better sinusoidal characteristics after adding the compensation winding, and the torque pulsation of both rotors was significantly reduced. Specifically, after adding 1-pole compensation windings, the torque pulsation of Rotor 1 and Rotor 2 decreased by 30.11% and 41.1%, respectively. [Conclusion] The proposed method can effectively suppress the high-content non-dominant harmonics, optimize the torque waveform, and reduce the torque pulsation, thereby enhancing the operational efficiency of the motor.

中国博士后科学基金面上项目(2017M621086);江苏省配电网智能技术与装备协同创新中心开放基金项目资助(XTCX202405)