【目的】针对多负载无线电能传输(WPT)系统中，接收线圈交叉耦合导致的系统传输效率降低的问题，本文提出了一种基于Halbach磁耦合机构的多负载WPT系统。【方法】Halbach磁耦合机构通过调控发射单元构成线圈的激励电流方向，利用构成线圈的组合磁效应，实现了在目标区域定向聚集磁场和削弱磁场的双重调控效果。通过建立有限元仿真模型，在优化磁耦合机构设计的基础上，对接收单元和发射单元的互感特性与磁场特性进行了分析，从磁通量的角度阐述了磁场聚集和磁场削弱的原理。同时，构建SS型等效电路拓扑以推导系统输出特性。最后，搭建试验平台对系统的互感变化规律、输出特性以及磁削弱性能进行分析和验证。【结果】试验结果表明，Halbach型磁耦合机构具有双侧磁场聚集和磁场削弱功能，磁场聚集区域和磁场削弱区域错位分布，有效抑制了接收线圈间的交叉耦合，同时降低了系统的漏磁。两接收单元距离发射单元20 mm，双负载均为20 Ω时，系统整体传输效率最高，达80.84%。【结论】本文所提Halbach型磁耦合机构，通过非对称磁场调控技术，成功解决了多负载WPT系统中接收线圈间的交叉耦合问题。由于采用模块化单元，该系统具有较好的可扩展性。这种模块化设计，简单且灵活，有望在多负载WPT系统中得到更广泛的应用。

[Objective] To address the issue of reduced transfer efficiency caused by cross-coupling among receiver coils in multi-load wireless power transfer (WPT) systems, this study proposes a multi-load WPT system based on Halbach-type magnetic couplers. [Methods] By controlling the excitation current direction of constituent coils in the transmitter unit and utilizing the combined magnetic effects of these coils, the Halbach-type magnetic coupler achieved dual regulation effects of magnetic field focusing and attenuation in target areas. Through finite element simulation modeling and optimized design of the magnetic coupler, the mutual inductance and magnetic field characteristics between the transmitter unit and receiver unit were analyzed. The principles of magnetic field focusing and attenuation were explained from the perspective of magnetic flux. Additionally, an SS-type equivalent circuit topology was constructed to derive the output characteristics of the system. Finally, an experimental platform was built to analyze and validate the variation patterns in mutual inductance, output characteristics, and magnetic attenuation performance of the system. [Results] Experimental results showed that the Halbach-type magnetic coupler exhibited the capabilities of bidirectional magnetic field focusing and attenuation. The distribution of magnetic field focusing and attenuation regions were spatially staggered, which effectively suppressed cross-coupling among receiver coils and reduced magnetic leakage in the system. When two receiver units were positioned 20 mm from the transmitter unit and both loads were 20 Ω, the system achieved a maximum overall transfer efficiency of 80.84%. [Conclusion] The Halbach-type magnetic coupler proposed in this study successfully addresses the issue of cross-coupling between receiver coils in multi-load WPT systems through asymmetric magnetic field regulation technology. Due to its modular unit structure, the system demonstrates excellent scalability. This modular design, characterized by its simplicity and flexibility, shows promising potential for broader applications in multi-load WPT systems.

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