【目的】针对永磁同步电机(PMSM)两步模型预测电流控制(MPCC)需要遍历控制集中所有电压矢量，导致计算负担较大的问题，提出了三种精简控制集，通过增加约束条件减少电压矢量遍历次数，提高实时性。【方法】首先，根据电压矢量在dq轴上投影的正负情况，将其分为五类；然后，将电机定子dq轴电流参考值与实际值的误差作为约束条件，分析施加约束后模型预测第一步和第二步的五类电压的选择规律，通过舍弃利用率较低的电压矢量，提出了精简控制集一和精简控制集二；在此基础上，又引入了dq轴电流误差平方根约束，分析不同误差带下零电压矢量的分布规律，从而进一步精简控制集，提出精简控制集三。【结果】仿真和实时性试验结果表明:精简控制集一与传统控制集的性能完全一致，其电压矢量序列减小至36个，运行时长降低至传统控制集运行时长的53.31%；精简控制集二、精简控制集三与传统控制集的性能基本相当，其电压矢量序列分别减小至9个、4个，运行时长分别降低至传统控制集运行时长的19.98%、12.57%。【结论】基于误差约束和电压分布规律所提出的三种精简控制集可在保持与传统控制集性能基本相当的同时，显著减少遍历次数，有效优化实时性能，为减少两步MPCC的计算负担提供了一种新的解决方案。

[Objective] To address the heavy computational burden of traversing all voltage vectors in two-step model predictive current control (MPCC) for permanent magnet synchronous motor (PMSM), this study proposes three streamlined control sets. These sets reduce the number of voltage vector traversal by incorporating additional constraints, thereby improving real-time performance. [Methods] Firstly, the voltage vectors were classified into five categories based on the positive and negative signs of their projections on the dq-axis. Subsequently, the error between the reference and actual values of the motor stator dq-axis current was used as constraints. The selection patterns of these five voltage categories were analyzed for both the first and second steps of model prediction under the imposed constraints. By eliminating underutilized voltage vectors, streamlined control set 1 and streamlined control set 2 were proposed. Based on this, an additional constraint on the square root of the dq-axis current error was introduced to analyze the distribution of zero voltage vectors under different error bands, further simplifying the control set and leading to the proposal of streamlined control set 3. [Results] The simulation and real-time experimental results showed that streamlined control set 1 achieved identical performance to the traditional control set, reducing the voltage vector sequence to 36 and decreasing the runtime to 53.31% of the traditional control set. Streamlined control set 2 and streamlined control set 3 showed performance comparable to traditional control set with their voltage vector sequences reduced to 9 and 4, respectively, and runtime reduced to 19.98% and 12.57% of the traditional control set’s runtime. [Conclusion] The three proposed streamlined control sets based on error constraints and voltage distribution patterns can significantly reduce traversal times while maintaining comparable control performance. This approach effectively optimizes real-time performance and provides a new solution for reducing the computational burden in two-step MPCC.

长安大学2024年研究生科研创新实践项目(300103724044)