【目的】为满足低空重载无人机驱动系统对高功率密度、强抗饱和能力的需求，本文设计了一种以软磁复合材料(SMC)为定子铁心的轴向磁通永磁电机(AFPMM)，旨在揭示定子材料特性对电机电感特性的影响规律，为提升AFPMM电磁性能提供理论支撑。【方法】首先，基于有限元法建立了AFPMM的三维电磁场模型；然后，对比分析了SMC定子、取向(GO)硅钢定子及无取向(NO)硅钢定子的磁路特性；最后，量化了dq轴电感随电流角度、电流幅值的非线性变化规律，并通过磁通密度分布分析系统地研究了不同定子材料下电机电感的饱和机制。【结果】结果表明，SMC定子电机具有各向同性特性，抗饱和能力最优；GO硅钢定子电机具有各向异性特性，初始电感以及输出转矩最高，但高电流时电感降幅显著；NO硅钢定子电机电感特性介于SMC定子电机和GO硅钢定子电机之间。【结论】虽然GO硅钢定子电机的转矩密度更高，但是需优化磁路设计，以抑制交叉饱和效应。SMC定子电机能有效平衡dq轴电感，缓解局部饱和，适用于高频、复杂磁路的工作场景。本研究体现了SMC定子在满足无人机实际需求方面的优势，为高性能电机的材料选择和电磁设计提供了理论指导。

[Objective] To address the demands of low-altitude heavy-duty unmanned aerial vehicle propulsion systems for high power density and robust anti-saturation capability, this study designs an axial flux permanent magnet machine (AFPMM) with a soft magnetic composite (SMC) stator core. The research aims to reveal the influence of stator material properties on machine inductance characteristics and provide theoretical support for enhancing the electromagnetic performance of AFPMM. [Methods] Firstly, a three-dimensional electromagnetic field model of AFPMM was established based on the finite element method. Then, the magnetic circuit characteristics of stators made of SMC, grain-oriented (GO) silicon steel, and non-oriented (NO) silicon steel were comparatively analyzed. Finally, the nonlinear variation rules of dq-axis inductances with current angle and current amplitude were quantified, and the saturation mechanisms of machine inductance under different stator materials were systematically investigated through magnetic flux density distribution analysis. [Results] The results showed that the machine with SMC stator has isotropic properties and optimal anti-saturation capability. The machine with GO silicon steel stator has anisotropic characteristics with the highest initial inductance as well as output torque, but the inductance drop was significant at high currents. The inductance characteristics of machine with NO silicon steel stator was between SMC stator and GO silicon steel stator. [Conclusion] Although the machine with GO steel stator offers higher torque density, its performance necessitates optimized magnetic circuit design to suppress cross-saturation effects. The machine with SMC stator can effectively balance the dq-axis inductance and alleviate local saturation, which is suitable for high-frequency and complex magnetic circuit working scenarios. This study verifies the advantages of SMC stator in meeting the practical demands of unmanned aerial vehicles and provides theoretical guidance for material selection and electromagnetic design in high-performance motor.