【目的】在永磁同步电机(PMSM)中、高速域的无位置传感器控制驱动系统中，传统线性扩张状态观测器(LESO)由于受带宽影响对反电势观测会产生观测时滞，从而导致估算转子位置和转速信息误差较大。针对此问题，本文提出了一种基于相位超前校正线性扩张状态观测器(PLC-LESO)的PMSM无位置传感器控制策略。【方法】首先，介绍传统LESO无位置传感器的设计方法，并采用频域分析法分析传统LESO对反电势观测会产生观测时滞的问题；然后，引入相位超前校正单元，设计PLC-LESO对反电势进行观测；最后，为了验证所提控制策略的可行性和有效性，基于Matlab/Simulink搭建仿真模型，利用归一化锁相环对转子位置和转速信息进行估算，对比分析传统LESO和PLC-LESO的观测结果。【结果】仿真结果表明，在相同的观测器带宽设置下，传统LESO的转子位置估计误差为0.6 rad，而PLC-LESO能够准确跟踪反电势，转子位置估计误差仅为0.005 rad；当传统LESO的带宽增加至30 000时，其反电势跟踪性能得到提升，但转速估算波动加剧，导致系统稳定性差；而PLC-LESO在不增加带宽情况下，不仅能够准确跟踪反电势，还能将转速波动控制在±10 rpm以内。【结论】相比传统LESO，PLC-LESO在反电势跟踪估计方面表现出更优的控制性能，提高了系统估算转子位置和转速信息的精度。

[Objective] In medium- and high-speed domain sensorless control drive systems of permanent magnet synchronous motor (PMSM), the traditional linear extended state observer (LESO) suffers from observation delays in back electromotive force estimation due to bandwidth limitations, which leads to significant errors in rotor position and speed estimation. Aiming at this problem, a PMSM sensorless control strategy based on phase lead correction LESO (PLC-LESO) is proposed. [Methods] Firstly, the design method of the traditional LESO-based sensorless control scheme was introduced, and its inherent observation delay problem in back electromotive force estimation was systematically analyzed using frequency domain analysis. Then, a phase lead correction unit was introduced and the PLC-LESO was designed to observe the back electromotive force. Finally, in order to verify the feasibility and effectiveness of the proposed control strategy, a simulation model was built based on Matlab/Simulink, and the rotor position and speed information was estimated using normalized phase-locked loop to compare and analyze the observation results of the traditional LESO and PLC-LESO. [Results] The simulation results showed that, under identical observer bandwidth setting, the rotor position estimation error of the traditional LESO was 0.6 rad, while the PLC-LESO was able to accurately track the back electromotive force with a rotor position estimation error of only 0.005 rad. When the bandwidth of the traditional LESO was increased to 30 000, its back electromotive force tracking performance was improved, but the fluctuation of the rotational speed estimation was intensified, resulting in resulting in poor system stability. Whereas, the PLC-LESO not only tracked the reverse potential accurately without increasing bandwidth, but also controlled the speed fluctuation within ±10 rpm. [Conclusion] Compared with the traditional LESO, the proposed PLC-LESO exhibits superior control performance in the estimation of the back electromotive force tracking, which improves the accuracy of the system in estimating the rotor position and speed information.