【目的】本文旨在探究采用高频注入法进行无位置传感器控制来估计电机位置时，有取向硅钢永磁同步直线电机(PMSLM)使用的高频方波注入信号的电压幅值是否可以比无取向硅钢PMSLM更低。【方法】首先，基于Simulink建立PMSLM的数学模型；然后，采用矢量控制、位置速度电流三闭环比例积分控制和高频注入法相结合的控制方法，对PMSLM数学模型进行位置估计；最后，通过RTU-BOX快速模型将Simulink中的模型导入到PMSLM中进行试验，对比有取向硅钢PMSLM和无取向硅钢PMSLM的试验结果。【结果】设置初始注入电压幅值为4.8 V，此时采用高频注入法得到的无取向硅钢PMSLM的估计位置误差绝对值小于15%。以0.1 V为步长减小注入的电压幅值，当电压幅值在4.8~0.4 V时，无取向硅钢PMSLM的估计位置误差绝对值均小于15%；当电压幅值降低到0.3 V时，无取向硅钢PMSLM的估计位置误差绝对值大于15%，而此时有取向硅钢PMSLM的位置误差绝对值小于15%。【结论】有取向硅钢的各向异性可以改变磁导率，相较于无取向硅钢，其使用高频注入法时实现位置估计的注入电压幅值能更低。

[Objective] The aim of this paper is to investigate whether the voltage amplitude of the high-frequency square wave injection signals used in oriented silicon steel permanent magnet synchronous linear motor (PMSLM) can be lower than that of non-oriented silicon steel PMSLM when a high-frequency injection method is used for sensorless control to estimate the motor position. [Methods] Firstly, the mathematical model of PMSLM was established based on Simulink. Then, the position estimation of the PMSLM mathematical model was performed using a control method combining vector control, position velocity current triple closed-loop proportional integral control and high-frequency injection method. Finally, the model in Simulink was imported into the PMSLM through the RTU-BOX fast model for experiment, and the experimental results of the oriented silicon steel PMSLM and the non-oriented silicon steel PMSLM were compared. [Results] The initial injection voltage amplitude was set to 4.8 V. At this time, the absolute value of the estimated position error of the non-oriented silicon steel PMSLM obtained by the high-frequency injection method was less than 15%. Decreasing the injected voltage amplitude in steps of 0.1 V, the absolute values of the estimated position errors of the non-oriented silicon steel PMSLM were all less than 15% when the voltage amplitude was in the range of 4.8~0.4 V. The absolute value of the estimated position error of the non-oriented silicon steel PMSLM was greater than 15% when the voltage amplitude was reduced to 0.3 V, while the absolute value of the position error of the oriented silicon steel PMSLM was less than 15% at this point. [Conclusion] The anisotropy of oriented silicon steel can change the magnetic permeability, and the amplitude of the injection voltage for position estimation using the high-frequency injection method can be lower compared to that of non-oriented silicon steel.

国家自然科学基金(52207064,52177054);辽宁省应用基础研究计划项目(2023JH2/101600001)