【目的】内置式永磁同步电机(IPMSM)在位置伺服领域的应用中，转子初始位置的精确检测是保障绝对位置控制精度的前提。然而，传统无位置传感器控制算法普遍面临启动位置受限于特殊点位和预定位过程中产生机械角度偏转的问题。【方法】针对上述问题，本文提出一种IPMSM无预定位初始机械角度辨识策略。首先，建立自传感拓扑IPMSM的电感数学模型，分析自传感IPMSM电感机械基频特性。其次，推导线间注入高频响应电流后数学模型，借助高频响应电流与转子初始机械角度的关联，实现转子机械角度初始位置检测。最后，在自传感IPMSM试验平台对所提策略进行验证。【结果】试验结果表明，与传统策略相比，所提控制策略无需多次预定位，即可实现四个扇区下任意位置辨识。【结论】所提方案解决了传统方法启动和预定位行程限制，为IPMSM的无预定位启动提供了更优的解决方案。

[Objective] In position servo applications of interior permanent magnet synchronous motor (IPMSM), accurate detection of the rotor’s initial position is essential for ensuring absolute position control precision. However, traditional sensorless control algorithms commonly face two limitations: the starting position is constrained to specific points, and mechanical angle deviation occurs during the pre-positioning process. [Methods] To address these issues, an initial mechanical angle identification strategy without pre-positioning was proposed for IPMSM. Firstly, the inductance mathematical model of the self-sensing topology IPMSM was established, and the mechanical fundamental frequency characteristics of the self-sensing IPMSM inductance were analyzed. Secondly, the mathematical model of high-frequency response current after line-to-line injection was derived, and the initial mechanical angle of the rotor was detected by utilizing the correlation between the high-frequency response current and the rotor’s initial mechanical angle. Finally, the proposed strategy was verified on a self-sensing IPMSM test platform. [Results] The experimental results demonstrated that, compared with the conventional strategy, the proposed control strategy achieved arbitrary position identification across four sectors without requiring multiple pre-positioning steps. [Conclusion] The proposed solution addresses the starting and pre-positioning travel limitations of traditional methods, providing a superior approach for pre-positioning-free startup of IPMSM.

国家自然科学基金(52307072);福建科技计划-STS院省合作项目(2023T3046,2023T3015l);稀土新材料技术创新中心支持项目(CXZX-D-202402-0013)