【目的】针对轴向磁通永磁同步电机(AFPMSM)齿槽转矩抑制问题，本文提出了一种基于非对称槽深结构的优化设计方法，旨在显著抑制齿槽转矩，从而提升电机运行稳定性与可靠性。【方法】首先，基于能量法构建齿槽转矩的解析计算模型，理论推导齿槽转矩抑制的通用方法；然后，以一台20极18槽AFPMSM为研究对象构建有限元仿真模型，提出定子齿槽深高度错位差调控方法，通过调整相邻定子齿高差Δh，系统分析Δh对气隙磁密谐波分布与齿槽转矩的影响规律。最后，通过仿真对所提优化设计方法的有效性与工程可行性进行验证。【结果】仿真结果表明，在槽满率满足工况要求的前提下，与常规AFPMSM相比，当Δh=0.6 mm时，非对称槽深结构对齿槽转矩的抑制效果最优，抑制率达79.18%。【结论】本文验证了非对称槽深结构对抑制齿槽转矩的有效性和可行性，通过非对称槽深结构降低了转矩脉动，为AFPMSM的电磁优化设计提供了技术路径与参考。

[Objective] To address the cogging torque suppression issue in axial flux permanent magnet synchronous motor (AFPMSM), this paper proposes an optimal design method based on an asymmetric slot depth structure, aiming to significantly suppress cogging torque and thus improve the operational stability and reliability of the motor. [Methods] Firstly, an analytical calculation model of cogging torque was established based on the energy method, and the general method for cogging torque suppression was theoretically derived. Then, taking a 20-pole 18-slot AFPMSM as the research object, a finite element simulation model was constructed, and a regulation method for the height dislocation difference of stator slot depth was proposed. By adjusting the height difference of adjacent stator teeth Δh, the variation laws of Δh on the harmonic distribution of air-gap magnetic flux density and cogging torque were systematically analyzed. Finally, the effectiveness and engineering feasibility of the proposed optimal design method were verified through simulation. [Results] The simulation results showed that on the premise that the slot fill factor met the working condition requirements, compared with the conventional AFPMSM, the asymmetric slot depth structure achieved the optimal cogging torque suppression effect when Δh=0.6 mm, with a suppression rate of 79.18%. [Conclusion] This paper verifies the effectiveness and feasibility of the asymmetric slot depth structure for cogging torque suppression, reduces the torque ripple by means of this structure, and thus provides a technical approach and reference for the electromagnetic optimal design of AFPMSM.

国家自然科学基金(52307072);福建科技计划-STS院省合作项目(2023T3046, 2023T3015);稀土新材料技术创新中心支持项目(CXZX-D-202402-0013)