【目的】逆变器驱动的内置式永磁同步电机在运行过程中,谐波电流及其激励的径向电磁力易导致明显的电磁振动与噪声。而现有控制策略多侧重于抑制低频或高频单一方面的电磁振动,难以实现全频段电磁振动的有效抑制。因此,本文旨在提出一种兼顾低频与高频电磁振动抑制的改进控制方法。【方法】首先,利用Logistic映射与Markov链生成随机零矢量序列,用于改进随机零矢量SVPWM调制,实现动态调整逆变器开关脉冲导通时刻以抑制开关频率附近高频谐波,降低高频电磁振动;同时在最大转矩电流比控制中引入虚拟正弦波注入,从电流控制层面选择精确的电流矢量角,削弱低次谐波电流分量,降低低频电磁振动。【结果】结果表明,与传统控制策略相比,所提出的控制策略使A相电流谐波畸变率降至5.53%,振动加速度最大降幅达到65.96%,显著改善了电机电磁振动性能。【结论】本文提出的改进控制策略,可有效减小低频和高频谐波电流,削弱低频和高频径向电磁力,从而实现对电机低频与高频电磁振动的协同抑制,对电机电磁振动和噪声优化具有一定的工程应用价值。

[Objective] In inverter-fed interior permanent magnet synchronous motor (IPMSM), harmonic currents and the associated radial electromagnetic forces are primary sources of electromagnetic vibration and noise. Conventional control strategies usually target either low frequency or high frequency vibration suppression, resulting in limited effectiveness over a wide frequency range. This paper proposes an improved control strategy for coordinated suppression of low- and high-frequency electromagnetic vibration. [Methods] A random zero-vector SVPWM strategy based on Logistic mapping and Markov chains was first employed to generate uniformly distributed random zero-vector sequences, which dynamically adjust inverter switching instants to suppress high-frequency harmonics around the switching frequency. Meanwhile, a virtual sinusoidal signal injection method was incorporated into the maximum torque per ampere control scheme to optimize the current vector angle at the current control level, thereby reducing low-order harmonic currents and mitigating low-frequency electromagnetic vibration. [Results] The results indicated that, compared to the traditional control strategy, the proposed control strategy had reduced the harmonic distortion rate of A-phase current to 5.53% and achieved a maximum vibration acceleration reduction of 65.96%, significantly improving the electromagnetic vibration performance of the motor. [Conclusion] The proposed control strategy effectively suppresses both low-frequency and high-frequency harmonic currents and weakens the corresponding radial electromagnetic force components, enabling coordinated suppression of low-frequency and high-frequency electromagnetic vibration in IPMSM. The results confirm its practical potential for electromagnetic vibration and noise reduction in electric drive systems.

国家自然科学基金(52477070);山东省自然科学基金(ZR2025MS782)