【目的】针对传统有机绝缘材料导热性能差,导致电机在过载工况下散热性能差的问题,本文以高导热的碳化硅(SiC)绝缘漆替代传统槽绝缘纸,以提升电机的性能。【方法】以一台1.1 kW的异步电机为例。首先,建立其三维温度场仿真模型;其次,对采用普通槽绝缘纸和SiC槽绝缘漆的电机进行热仿真分析;最后,搭建试验平台,测试两种电机在额定至1.5倍负载范围内的温升、电流、效率等性能参数。【结果】试验与仿真表明,采用SiC高导热绝缘漆的电机,其绕组的稳态温升、运行电流均全面低于传统绝缘电机,效率更高。尤其在1.5倍过载工况下,传统绝缘电机温度升至150 ℃超限停机,SiC绝缘电机则稳定于135 ℃,并有充足的安全余量。【结论】SiC高导热绝缘材料应用于定子槽绝缘,可显著改善散热,抑制绕组温升,进而提升电机效率与过载能力。该方案能有效降低温升并提升可靠性,特别适用于高过载及对热敏感的电机应用场景。

[Objective] To address the issues of the poor thermal conductivity in traditional organic insulating materials, which restricts heat dissipation and performance of motors under overload conditions, this study replaced traditional slot insulation paper with high-thermal-conductivity silicon carbide (SiC) insulating varnish for performance enhancement of motors. [Methods] Taking a 1.1 kW asynchronous motor as the test case, a three-dimensional temperature field simulation model was firstly established. Subsequently, thermal analyses were performed via simulation for motors employing standard slot insulation paper and the SiC-based insulating varnish, respectively. Finally, an experimental platform was constructed to measure and compare key performance parameters—including temperature rise, current, and efficiency—of both motor configurations under loads ranging from the rated condition to 1.5-fold load. [Results] Experimental and simulation results indicated that motors utilizing SiC-based high-thermal-conductivity insulating varnish exhibited lower steady-state temperature rises and operating currents compared to traditional insulated motors, while also boasting higher efficiency. Notably, under a 1.5-fold load condition, traditional insulated motors reached a temperature of 150 ℃, triggering an overtemperature shutdown, whereas SiC insulated motors remained stable at 135 ℃ with ample safety margin.This solution proves effective in reducing operational temperature rise and enhancing reliability, rendering it particularly suitable for high-overload applications and scenarios where thermal sensitivity is a critical concern. [Conclusion] The application of SiC high-thermal-conductivity insulating material in stator slot insulation can significantly improve heat dissipation, suppress winding temperature rise, and thereby enhance motor efficiency and overload capacity. This solution can effectively reduce temperature rise and improve reliability, making it particularly suitable for high-overload and heat-sensitive motor applications.

辽宁省"揭榜挂帅"科技计划项目(2023JH1/11100010)