【目的】表贴式永磁同步电机(SPMSM)无差拍控制中,备选电压矢量数量与计算负担的矛盾制约了性能优化。本文旨在提出一种兼顾控制精度与实时性的解决方案。【方法】以SPMSM为例,提出:(1)电压矢量六边形内切圆n阶细分法,生成6n2+1个备选电压矢量;(2)简化确定方法一,固定遍历4次;(3)简化确定方法二,直接映射理想电压矢量,无需遍历。【结果】仿真与试验表明,8阶细分法(备选矢量385个)使转矩脉动降低12.87%,磁链脉动降低30.67%;简化确定方法一、简化确定方法二分别将计算耗时减少42.86%、87.94%。【结论】本文所提方法实现了备选矢量的任意扩充、计算量显著降低,为无差拍控制的性能与实时性优化提供了参考。

[Objective] In the deadbeat control of surface-mounted permanent magnet synchronous motor (SPMSM), the contradiction between the number of candidate voltage vectors and the computational burden limits performance optimization. This paper aims to propose a solution that balances control accuracy and real-time performance. [Methods] Taking SPMSM as an example, the following methods were proposed: (1) The n-th order subdivision method of the inscribed circle of the voltage vector hexagon was used to generate 6n2+1 candidate voltage vectors; (2) Simplified determination method 1 was employed, fixing the traversal count to 4 times; (3) Simplified determination method 2 was introduced, directly mapping the ideal voltage vector without traversal. [Results] Simulation and experimental results showed that the 8th order subdivision method (385 candidate vectors) reduced torque ripple by 12.87% and flux linkage ripple by 30.67%; simplified determination method 1 and simplified determination method 2 reduced computational time by 42.86% and 87.94%, respectively. [Conclusion] The proposed method achieves arbitrary expansion of candidate vectors and significant reduction of computational load, providing a reference for optimizing the performance and real-time capability of deadbeat control.

青海职业技术大学青海省高原汽车电动化与智能化技术重点实验室开放基金资助（QZDSZ03-202502）