【目的】电励磁磁通切换直线电动机(EEFSLM)磁悬浮系统是一个非线性、强耦合且存在不确定性扰动的复杂系统。线性自抗扰控制(LADRC)在磁悬浮系统中参数固定且自适应能力不足,难以兼顾快速动态响应与强抗扰能力的内在矛盾。为此,本文提出一种模糊自抗扰控制(FADRC)策略,以提升控制器的参数自适应能力。【方法】首先,根据EEFSLM的特殊结构和运行机理,建立其磁悬浮方向的数学模型,推导磁悬浮力方程与运动方程。其次,采用带宽法对线性状态误差反馈(LSEF)控制律的参数进行整定。为解决固定参数适应性不足的问题,进一步引入模糊推理机制对LSEF带宽进行在线自适应调整,设计了FADRC控制器。最后,基于Matlab/Simulink平台,对FADRC、LADRC及传统比例积分(PI)控制进行了仿真分析。【结果】仿真结果表明,与LADRC和传统PI控制策略相比,FADRC策略响应速度更快、抗干扰能力更强,展现出较强的鲁棒性和稳定性。【结论】本文所提FADRC策略显著提升了EEFSLM磁悬浮系统的控制性能,能够有效满足系统在高性能工况下的稳定运行需求。

[Objective] The electrically excited flux-switching linear motor (EEFSLM) maglev system is a complex nonlinear system characterized by strong coupling and uncertain disturbances. The linear active disturbance rejection control (LADRC) exhibits limitations in maglev applications due to its fixed parameters and insufficient adaptability, making it difficult to reconcile the inherent trade-off between rapid dynamic response and strong disturbance rejection. To address this, this paper proposes a fuzzy active disturbance rejection control (FADRC) strategy to enhance the controller’s parameter self-adaptation capability. [Methods] Firstly, a mathematical model for the magnetic levitation direction was established based on the special structure and operating mechanism of the EEFSLM, and the magnetic levitation force equation and motion equation were derived. Secondly, the parameters of the linear state error feedback (LSEF) control law were tuned using the bandwidth method. To address the insufficient adaptability of fixed parameters, a FADRC controller was designed by introducing a fuzzy inference mechanism to adaptively adjust the LSEF bandwidth online. Finally, simulation analyses of FADRC, LADRC, and traditional proportional-integral (PI) control were conducted on the Matlab/Simulink platform. [Results] Simulation results showed that compared with LADRC and traditional PI control strategies, the FADRC strategy exhibited faster response speed and stronger disturbance rejection capability, demonstrating strong robustness and stability. [Conclusion] The proposed FADRC strategy in this paper significantly improves the control performance of the EEFSLM maglev system and can effectively meet the requirements for stable operation under high-performance conditions.