近日，华北电力大学（North China Electric Power University）李俊卿团队以《调相机故障诊断及研究进展》为题在《电机与控制应用》上发表最新综述论文，第一作者和通信作者均为李俊卿。
随着特高压直流输电工程的不断推广与新型电力系统中新能源占比的不断提升，特高压直流系统的送端和受端动态无功不足与惯量支撑能力不足的问题愈发突出。相较于以往的电力电子设备诸如静止无功补偿器(static var compensator，SVC)和静止同步补偿器(static synchronous compensator，STATCOM)，同步调相机在故障工况下会自主响应系统的无功需求，可以提供数倍额定电流的短时过载电流。除此之外，同步调相机在电力系统发生严重故障期间可以提供有效的无功支撑，且故障穿越能力也远胜于其他电力电子设备。因此，新一代大容量调相机是未来新型电力系统中的重要设备。同步调相机作为大型旋转设备，其容量大且结构复杂，运行过程中容易发生故障，故障一旦发生将给电力系统稳定运行造成巨大影响，因此对同步调相机进行故障诊断研究具有重要意义。
本文主要分析了同步调相机定子绕组匝间短路、转子绕组匝间短路、转子偏心、定子水路堵塞、轴承故障、转子绕组单点接地、匝间短路与转子偏心复合故障等不同故障形式的故障机理及故障特征，对当前同步调相机发生上述故障的诊断方法进行了总结，此外还对各种故障诊断方法的优缺点进行了对比分析。在对各种故障诊断方法进行分析的基础上，阐述了目前同步调相机故障诊断领域存在的问题、技术挑战和发展趋势。
图1 同步调相机定子匝间短路示意图
图2 同步调相机转子动偏心示意图
图3 调相机实物图1
图3 调相机实物图2
Progress and Research in Fault Diagnosis of Synchronous Condenser
With the continuous promotion of UHVDC transmission projects and the increasing proportion of new energy in new power systems, the problems of insufficient dynamic reactive power and insufficient inertia support capabilities at the sending and receiving ends of the UHVDC system have become increasingly prominent. Compared with previous power electronic equipment, such as static var compensator (SVC) and static synchronous compensator (STATCOM), synchronous condensers will autonomously respond to the reactive power demand of the system under fault conditions，and can provide short-term overload currents that are several times the rated current. In addition, synchronous condensers can provide effective reactive power support during severe faults in the power system, and their fault ride-through capabilities are far superior to power electronic equipment. Therefore, the new generation of large-capacity condensers is an important equipment in future new power systems. As a large rotating equipment, synchronous condenser has large capacity and complex structure. It is prone to malfunction during operation. Once a fault occurs, it will have a huge impact on the stable operation of the power system. Therefore, the fault diagnosis research of synchronous condenser has important research significance.
This paper mainly analyzes the fault mechanisms and fault characteristics of different fault forms such as stator winding inter-turn short circuit, rotor winding inter-turn short circuit, rotor eccentricity, stator waterway blockage, bearing failure, rotor winding single-point grounding, inter-turn short circuit and rotor eccentricity composite fault of synchronous condenser, and summarized the current diagnostic methods for the above faults in synchronous condensers. In addition, a comparative analysis of the advantages and disadvantages of various fault diagnosis methods was conducted. Based on the analysis of various fault diagnosis methods, the current problems, technical challenges and development trends in the field of synchronous condenser fault diagnosis are expounded.
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论文链接：
http://www.motor-abc.cn/djykzyy/article/abstract/20231001
推荐引用格式：
李俊卿, 黄涛, 张承志. 调相机故障诊断及研究进展[J]. 电机与控制应用, 2023, 50(10): 1-8.
LI Junqing, HUANG Tao, ZHANG Chengzhi. Progress and Research in Fault Diagnosis of Synchronous Condenser[J]. Electric Machines & Control Application, 2023, 50(10): 1-8.
李俊卿，博士，华北电力大学电力工程系教授。多年来一直从事电气工程领域的教学和科研工作，在国内外知名学术期刊和大型国际学术会议上发表了百余篇学术论文。
Dr. Junqing LI is a full professor in the Department of Electrical Engineering at North China Electric Power University. She has been engaged in teaching and scientific research in the field of electrical engineering for many years, and has published more than 100 academic papers in well-known academic journals and large international academic conferences at home and abroad.
2）电气设备的智能监测、状态评估、故障诊断与健康管理
4）新能源电力系统的运行与控制
1） Analysis of motors and their systems
2） Intelligent monitoring, condition assessment, fault diagnosis and health management of electrical equipment
3） Big data analysis and application of new energy power systems
4） Operation and control of new energy power systems
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