上海交通大学高强团队最新研究论文：基于基波PWM激励和简化电流斜率测量的多相永磁同步电机转子位置估测技术

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近日，上海交通大学（Shanghai Jiao Tong University ）高强团队以《基于基波PWM激励和简化电流斜率测量的多相永磁同步电机转子位置估测技术》为题在《电机与控制应用》上发表最新研究论文，第一作者为曲硕，通信作者为高强。

相对三相永磁同步电机，多相永磁同步电机交流调速系统具有转矩脉动小、容错能力强、对功率开关容量要求低等优点。研究其无位置传感器控制技术可以进一步提高这类电机驱动系统的可靠性，降低系统成本。利用逆变器的基波脉宽调制波形(PWM)激励并进行瞬时电流斜率测量的转子位置估计技术可以被用来实现这类电机在低速和零速的无位置传感器控制，它具有免高频信号注入和高带宽等优点。但是该技术需要在非零电压矢量期间进行多次电流采样，对模拟-数字转换器(ADC)的带宽和采样精度要求较高，并且采样时刻与电流环控制的采样时刻不同步，实施难度较大。

图1 基于平均电流斜率测量的双三相永磁同步电机无位置传感器控制框图

为解决上述问题，本文提出了一种改进的位置估计算法，在保留基波PWM激励优势的同时，利用平均电流斜率测量代替瞬时电流斜率测量，成功实现了转子位置的准确估计。该方法避免了在每个PWM周期内对电流的多次采样，有效降低了实现难度。

图2 参考电压位于第一象限时的逆变器PWM波形与电流采样时刻

论文展示了这种新型位置估计算法运用于一台双三相永磁同步电机转子位置估计的实现原理，并与原基于PWM激励的转子位置估测方法进行了对比。仿真结果表明，估测的转子位置能够良好地跟随实际转子位置，稳态误差小于0.05 rad，略大于基于瞬时电流斜率测量的位置估计方法（小于0.025 rad）。

图3 电机转速(rpm)与转子位置(rad)

图4 转子估测误差(rad)与位置矢量信号

本论文所研究的转子位置估计方法可以显著降低原基于PWM激励的转子位置估计算法的实施难度，可推广至其他类型和相数的交流电机的无位置传感器控制，具有良好的工业运用前景。进一步降低电流高频噪声是下一步的研究方向。

Sensorless Rotor Position Estimation for Dual Three-Phase PMSMs Using Fundamental PWM Excitation and Simplified Current Slope Measurement

Multi-phase PMSMs outperform their three-phase counterparts in terms of lower torque ripples, higher fault-tolerant capabilities，and lower rating requirements to power electronic devices. Their position sensorless control can further enhance reliability and reduce cost. The sensorless technique based on fundamental PWM excitation and transient current derivative measurement is applicable for this purpose, which can achieve a high bandwidth without resorting to high frequency injection for low and zero speed operation. However, it usually needs to take multiple current samples during active voltage vectors. High speed analog-to-digital converters (ADC)with high accuracy are therefore mandatory. What is more, the asynchronous current sampling between the current slope measurement and the current loop control complicates the implementation in a microprocessor or DSP.

In order to address the above challenges, this work proposes an improved approach. While the fundamental PWM excitation remains, the instantaneous current slope measurement is replaced by the mean current slope measurement. This way, the multiple current sampling within each PWM cycle can be avoided, effectively simplifying its implementation.

In this work, the proposed algorithm is applied on a dual three-phase PMSM, and it is evaluated together with the classical PWM excitation based method. Simulation results demonstrate good rotor position estimation with an error less than 0.05 rad during steady states, slightly higher than that by the classical method (<0.025 rad).

The proposed method can significantly lower the implementation efforts required by the classical PWM excitation method. Also, it can be extended to other AC machines with other phase numbers, making it attractive for wide industrial applications. How to further reduce the current noise will be investigated in the future.

--本文由作者团队供稿

支持基金：

国家自然科学基金( 51477101)

National Natural Science Foundation of China (51477101)

论文链接：

http://www.motor-abc.cn/djykzyy/article/abstract/20231202

推荐引用格式：

曲硕, 高强, 李睿. 基于基波PWM激励和简化电流斜率测量的多相永磁同步电机转子位置估测技术[J]. 电机与控制应用, 2023, 50(12): 10-20.

QU Shuo, Gao Qiang, li Rui. Sensorless Rotor Position Estimation for Dual Three-Phase PMSMs Using Fundamental PWM Excitation and Simplified Current Slope Measurement[J]. Electric Machines & Control Application, 2023, 50(12): 10-20.

作者信息

曲硕，本科毕业于中国矿业大学电气工程专业，上海交通大学智能能源学院硕士研究生，主要研究方向为交流电机的无位置传感器控制。qushuo0630@sjtu.edu.cn

Mr. Qu Shuo obtained his BSc in Electrical engineering from China University of Mining and Technology in 2021. He is currently studying towards his MSc degree at the College of Smart Energy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, China. His research interest includes the position sensorless control of AC machines. qushuo0630@sjtu.edu.cn

高强，博士，副教授，分别于1998年和2001年在上海交通大学获得电气工程学士和硕士学位，并于2007年在英国诺丁汉大学获得博士学位。2001～2003，在台达上海电力电子研发中心担任工程师。2009年加入上海交通大学电气工程系和风力发电研究中心，任副教授。研究方向为电机及其控制、电力转换器和风力发电。gaoqiang@sjtu.edu.cn

Mr. Qiang Gao received the B.Sc. and M.Sc. degrees in electrical engineering from Shanghai Jiao Tong University (SJTU), Shanghai, China, in 1998 and 2001, respectively, and the Ph.D. degree from the University of Nottingham (UoN), Nottingham, U.K., in 2007.,After receiving the M.Sc. degree, from 2001 to 2003, he was a Research and Development Engineer with the Delta Power Electronics Centre, Delta Electronics, Shanghai. From 2006 to 2009, he was a Research Fellow on PMSM sensor-less control using matrix converters with the Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, UoN. In 2009, he joined the Department of Electrical Engineering and the Wind Power Research Centre, SJTU, where he was appointed as an Associate Professor. His current research interests include electric machines and their control, power converters, and wind power generation. gaoqiang@sjtu.edu.cn

李睿，博士，教授，毕业于浙江大学电气工程专业。2008～2009，瑞士联邦理工学院联合培养博士生。2014～2015，美国佛罗里达州立大学高级电力系统研究中心博士后。自2010年以来，于上海交通大学电子信息与电气工程学院电气工程系工作，现任教授。研究方向为面向可再生能源发电和电池储能的高效电力电子变换与电网接入技术。2015年获得IEEE电力电子学会学报二等奖论文奖。

Mr. Rui Li received the Ph.D. degree in electrical engineering from Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China, in 2010. From 2008 to 2009, he was an Academic Guest with the Power Electronic Systems Laboratory, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology, Zürich, Switzerland. From 2014 to 2015, he was a Postdoctoral Research Scholar with the Center for Advanced Power Systems, Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, College of Engineering, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL, USA. Since 2010, he has been with the Department of Electrical Engineering, School of Electronics, Information and Electrical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China, where he is currently a professor. His current research interests include application of power electronics in renewable energy conversion. In 2015, he was the recipient of the IEEE Power Electronics Society Transactions Second Prize Paper Award.

高强老师邮箱：gaoqiang@sjtu.edu.cn

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发布日期:2024-01-08浏览次数:

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