Directed against the problem of repetitious measurement and accommodation of the parameters of the vector control system of surfacemounted permanent magnet linear synchronous motor (SPMLSM), a method of automatic setting was proposed. By applying the linear velocity measurement current controller output waveform and calculating the corresponding Walsh coefficients of first order iteratively until the Walsh coefficients converge to zero, the electrical parameter of surfacemounted permanent magnet linear synchronous motor could be identified automatically and the mechanical parameters of the free running motor could be identified and finally the PI parameters of the speed controller and current controller could be calculated. The validity of the proposed method was verified by the prototype test results.