In order to improve the speed control accuracy of high power traction motor, a fuzzy adaptive control method is proposed. According to the change of external conditions, the fuzzy relationship between input and output is used to adjust the given traction/braking torque adaptively, and then the Butterworth filter is used to filter the output given torque and the integral link is used to eliminate the steady state error to obtain good control performance. Finally, taking a high power traction motor of a locomotive as the test object, the control effect tests of various complex operation conditions are carried out, and the effectiveness and superiority of the proposed algorithm are verified.