In order to analyze the fluid flow and temperature distribution of 10 kV compact asynchronous motor under the action of internal and external fans under rated working conditions, a three-dimensional heat dissipation model of the motor is established by coupling the flow field with the temperature field, and a rotating air region model is established for the internal and external fans and the air around the rotor self-propelled fan. Based on the theoretical analysis of computational fluid dynamics, the reasonable basic assumption of the temperature field of the motor is made and the corresponding boundary conditions are given. Through the fluid thermal coupling simulation, the fluid flow field inside and outside the motor under the condition of double fans rotating with the shaft and the spatial distribution characteristics of the temperature of each component of the motor are obtained. The simulation results show that the maximum temperature of the motor is located in the middle of the rotor bar, and the maximum temperature of the stator winding is 113 ℃, which meets the F-class insulation requirements. The stator and rotor temperature can be effectively reduced when the internal fan is working.