In order to improve the response ability and control stability of the transient process of the interior permanent magnet synchronous motor (IPMSM) by the sensorless control, the current loop of the system is designed with active disturbance rejection control (ADRC) technology, and the cross-coupling term is observed as an unknown disturbance to improve control accuracy and reduce current oscillations and overshoots. At the same time, linear extended state observer (LESO) technology is used to extract the rotor position information. Compared with the traditional sliding mode observer, the former system has smaller chattering and higher control efficiency and stability. The proposed system is compared with a position sensorless system based on the PI current loop control, and the simulation results of the difference in convergence speed and tracking smoothness are analyzed. It can be concluded that the positionless control system designed with ADRC current loop has better adaptability and the transient state process is more stable, and the current can realize steady and smooth tracking.