When a three-stage brushless AC synchronous generator voltage regulation control system model is built in MATLAB/Simulink software, it is necessary to select appropriate PI parameters to make the output voltage of the system meet the corresponding indicators. Considering that the traditional PI parameter setting method is complex and the calculated parameters need to be adjusted many times to meet the system indicators, a method for PI parameter setting based on the particle swarm optimization (PSO) algorithm is designed to improve the PI parameter tuning efficiency of the three-stage brushless AC synchronous generator voltage regulation control system model. The simulation results verify that the PSO algorithm to adjust the PI parameters of the brushless AC power generation system is feasible, and the appropriate PI parameters can be adjusted according to the required output voltage indicators.