Aiming at the problems of long-distance belt conveyor transportation system in the state of “big horse-drawn trolley” for a long time in constant speed operation mode, complex control structure of multi-drive motors, and poor speed synchronization performance, the motor cluster unitized control and variable speed energy-saving control strategy based on active disturbance rejection control are proposed. The performance comparison test of parallel and deviation coupling control is carried out under the motor cluster unitized control structure. The power consumption model of the long-distance belt conveyor is established. According to the proposed variable speed energy-saving control strategy, the simulation model is built based on PI and active disturbance rejection control, and the performance is compared and analyzed. The results show that in the variable speed energy-saving control strategy, active disturbance rejection control has higher precision and better anti-interference than PI control.