Traditional high-speed maglev trains adopots a bilateral parallel power supply mode, which requires three converters for each of the upstream and downstream lines. Although this power supply method can reduce losses on the feeder cables and increase the reliability of the power supply system, the output current generated is limited by the converter capacity itself, resulting in limited tractive effort and speed capability. In order to solve the above problems, a high-speed maglev bilateral series power supply method was proposed to improve traction and speed. Without changing the output capacity and insulation of the conventional converter, the motor head and tail were connected to the bilateral converter separately, and the phase angle of the output voltage was changed to achieve the traction and speed capacity enhancement of maglev trains. Finally, the traction power supply system was established in Simulink, and it was verified that the voltage of the bilateral series power supply is smaller than that of the bilateral parallel power supply at the maximum speed, which is more conducive to the speed increase.