[Objective] The aim of this paper is to investigate whether the voltage amplitude of the high-frequency square wave injection signals used in oriented silicon steel permanent magnet synchronous linear motor (PMSLM) can be lower than that of non-oriented silicon steel PMSLM when a high-frequency injection method is used for sensorless control to estimate the motor position. [Methods] Firstly, the mathematical model of PMSLM was established based on Simulink. Then, the position estimation of the PMSLM mathematical model was performed using a control method combining vector control, position velocity current triple closed-loop proportional integral control and high-frequency injection method. Finally, the model in Simulink was imported into the PMSLM through the RTU-BOX fast model for experiment, and the experimental results of the oriented silicon steel PMSLM and the non-oriented silicon steel PMSLM were compared. [Results] The initial injection voltage amplitude was set to 4.8 V. At this time, the absolute value of the estimated position error of the non-oriented silicon steel PMSLM obtained by the high-frequency injection method was less than 15%. Decreasing the injected voltage amplitude in steps of 0.1 V, the absolute values of the estimated position errors of the non-oriented silicon steel PMSLM were all less than 15% when the voltage amplitude was in the range of 4.8~0.4 V. The absolute value of the estimated position error of the non-oriented silicon steel PMSLM was greater than 15% when the voltage amplitude was reduced to 0.3 V, while the absolute value of the position error of the oriented silicon steel PMSLM was less than 15% at this point. [Conclusion] The anisotropy of oriented silicon steel can change the magnetic permeability, and the amplitude of the injection voltage for position estimation using the high-frequency injection method can be lower compared to that of non-oriented silicon steel.