[Objective] To address the issues of low trajectory tracking accuracy, slow dynamic response, and difficult parameter tuning inherent in traditional position-speed-current triple-loop control system for high-speed, high-precision galvanometer motors, this paper proposes a position-current dual-loop servo control strategy based on lead correction under time-delay conditions. [Methods] Firstly, the limitations of the traditional triple-loop architecture and the operating mechanism of the dual-loop scheme were analyzed, and the stabilizing effect of the proportional-integral-lead (PI-Lead) controller on the dual-loop system was demonstrated. Secondly, the impact of phase loss caused by time-delay on trajectory tracking accuracy and transient response speed was investigated. A time-delay-compensated PI-Lead (PI-Lead-TDC) controller was proposed to compensate for the phase loss induced by delay. Finally, a closed-loop frequency-domain parameter tuning strategy was proposed, wherein frequency-domain parameters were designed based on theoretical paradigms to enhance parameter tuning speed. [Results] Experimental results showed that, compared to the traditional triple-loop control system, the proposed dual-loop control system exhibited a significantly reduced root mean square error in sinusoidal trajectory tracking. Furthermore, for a 1% stroke step command, the response speed was improved by 20%. [Conclusion] Compared to traditional triple-loop control system, the proposed dual-loop control system based on PI-Lead-TDC achieves higher trajectory tracking accuracy, faster dynamic response speed, and a more efficient and simplified parameter tuning process.