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Volume 46,Issue 9,2019 Table of Contents
2019, 46(9):1-11.
Abstract:
The performance of drive control technology for permanent magnet synchronous motor (PMSM) directly determined the performance of the whole motor drive system. Motor drive technology based on model predictive control (MPC) was gaining attention due to the fact that MPC technology could perform rolling optimization control for the multipleinput multipleoutput (MIMO) system and was easy to impose constraints. The researches done by domestic and foreign scholars on the current control of PMSM based on MPC in recent years were reviewed and summarized. Meanwhile, the current control technology based on single vector, double vectors and three vectors in the MPC was modeled and the current output waveform was analyzed. Finally, the advantages and disadvantages of current technologies was compared comprehensively, and some problems existing in the current technology and the main development direction in the future were discussed.
The performance of drive control technology for permanent magnet synchronous motor (PMSM) directly determined the performance of the whole motor drive system. Motor drive technology based on model predictive control (MPC) was gaining attention due to the fact that MPC technology could perform rolling optimization control for the multipleinput multipleoutput (MIMO) system and was easy to impose constraints. The researches done by domestic and foreign scholars on the current control of PMSM based on MPC in recent years were reviewed and summarized. Meanwhile, the current control technology based on single vector, double vectors and three vectors in the MPC was modeled and the current output waveform was analyzed. Finally, the advantages and disadvantages of current technologies was compared comprehensively, and some problems existing in the current technology and the main development direction in the future were discussed.
2019, 46(9):12-18.
Abstract:
For finite control set model predictive torque control of surface permanent magnet synchronous motor, a weight coefficient design method which balanced flux linkage control and torque control was proposed. A cost function without weight coefficient was given, which used relative error rates instead of errors to realize flux linkage and torque control. Simulation results showed that the system worked properly by using these two proposed cost functions, but the former strongly depended on motor parameters. As these two functions did not contain flux linkage constraint item, high stator flux ripple would occur under dynamic torque change. Therefore, the third cost function including flux linkage constraint item was proposed. Simulation results showed that it could decrease the stator flux ripple effectively. The fourth cost function was also proposed, which replaced the flux linkage control item with the flux linkage constraint item. Simulation results showed that the fourth cost function could also decrease the stator flux ripple, but the control performances was not as good as the above three cost functions.
For finite control set model predictive torque control of surface permanent magnet synchronous motor, a weight coefficient design method which balanced flux linkage control and torque control was proposed. A cost function without weight coefficient was given, which used relative error rates instead of errors to realize flux linkage and torque control. Simulation results showed that the system worked properly by using these two proposed cost functions, but the former strongly depended on motor parameters. As these two functions did not contain flux linkage constraint item, high stator flux ripple would occur under dynamic torque change. Therefore, the third cost function including flux linkage constraint item was proposed. Simulation results showed that it could decrease the stator flux ripple effectively. The fourth cost function was also proposed, which replaced the flux linkage control item with the flux linkage constraint item. Simulation results showed that the fourth cost function could also decrease the stator flux ripple, but the control performances was not as good as the above three cost functions.
2019, 46(9):19-24.
Abstract:
According to the characteristics of permanent magnet synchronous motor (PMSM) system using quasiZsource inverter (qZSI), a finite control set model predictive control strategy was proposed in twophase stationary coordinate system. The reference value of inductance current was generated by controlling the capacitance voltage of quasiZsource network, and combining with the electromagnetic power feedforward value of PMSM. By predicting the inductance current value and introducing the subcost function, either the shootthrough (ST) case or nonST (NST) case was determined to realize the boost control of qZSI. In the NST case, the stator current of PMSM was predicted in eight switching states, and compared with the reference current generated by the speed closedloop control. The optimal switching state was selected to achieve the control of PMSM. The simulation results showed that the proposed control strategy could realize the boost control of qZSI and the speed control of PMSM. The system had good steadystate and dynamic performance.
According to the characteristics of permanent magnet synchronous motor (PMSM) system using quasiZsource inverter (qZSI), a finite control set model predictive control strategy was proposed in twophase stationary coordinate system. The reference value of inductance current was generated by controlling the capacitance voltage of quasiZsource network, and combining with the electromagnetic power feedforward value of PMSM. By predicting the inductance current value and introducing the subcost function, either the shootthrough (ST) case or nonST (NST) case was determined to realize the boost control of qZSI. In the NST case, the stator current of PMSM was predicted in eight switching states, and compared with the reference current generated by the speed closedloop control. The optimal switching state was selected to achieve the control of PMSM. The simulation results showed that the proposed control strategy could realize the boost control of qZSI and the speed control of PMSM. The system had good steadystate and dynamic performance.
2019, 46(9):25-30.
Abstract:
As the traditional linear lumped parameter model of permanent magnet synchronous motor (PMSM) could not describe the harmonic current in the simulation stage, a distributed parameter model of PMSM based on fieldprogrammable gate array (FPGA) was constructed. The model reflected the characteristics of cogging torque and air gap magnetic field. The hardwareintheloop (HIL) platform was built to test the model. Through the analysis of the model formula, the model was discretized and compiled with Verilog language, and then run on FPGA. By connecting the model with a real controller, experiment was conducted to verify the response of the model to harmonic current at different operating points. The results showed that the simulation platform could better reflect the harmonic current of the motor.
As the traditional linear lumped parameter model of permanent magnet synchronous motor (PMSM) could not describe the harmonic current in the simulation stage, a distributed parameter model of PMSM based on fieldprogrammable gate array (FPGA) was constructed. The model reflected the characteristics of cogging torque and air gap magnetic field. The hardwareintheloop (HIL) platform was built to test the model. Through the analysis of the model formula, the model was discretized and compiled with Verilog language, and then run on FPGA. By connecting the model with a real controller, experiment was conducted to verify the response of the model to harmonic current at different operating points. The results showed that the simulation platform could better reflect the harmonic current of the motor.
5 Design and Experimental Verification of CrossCoupled PID Controller forDualMotor Synchronous System
2019, 46(9):31-35.
Abstract:
A crosscoupled PID controller for dualmotor synchronous system was proposed. The mathematical model of the dualmotor synchronous system was established. A crosscoupled PID controller was developed, and the stability theorem of the closedloop system was deduced. The feasibility of the proposed controller was verified on the dualmotor synchronous control experimental platform.
A crosscoupled PID controller for dualmotor synchronous system was proposed. The mathematical model of the dualmotor synchronous system was established. A crosscoupled PID controller was developed, and the stability theorem of the closedloop system was deduced. The feasibility of the proposed controller was verified on the dualmotor synchronous control experimental platform.
2019, 46(9):36-40, 45.
Abstract:
As the main mechanical equipment of pipe bending forming, pipe bending machine was more and more widely used in all walks of life. With the improvement of competitiveness, the market had put forward higher requirements on the efficiency and automation of the pipe bending machine. Aiming at the characteristics of side bending machine, a servo motion control system based on EtherCat bus was proposed. The control system had more powerful data processing ability, which could ensure the dynamic continuity and control accuracy of each axis. The needs of pipe benders with different sizes and angles could be fully met.
As the main mechanical equipment of pipe bending forming, pipe bending machine was more and more widely used in all walks of life. With the improvement of competitiveness, the market had put forward higher requirements on the efficiency and automation of the pipe bending machine. Aiming at the characteristics of side bending machine, a servo motion control system based on EtherCat bus was proposed. The control system had more powerful data processing ability, which could ensure the dynamic continuity and control accuracy of each axis. The needs of pipe benders with different sizes and angles could be fully met.
2019, 46(9):41-45.
Abstract:
While the pulse width modulation (PWM) variable frequency drive improved the efficiency of the AC drive system, higher harmonics were generated, which caused a significant increase in the common mode current. The coupling capacitance between the stator winding and the stator core of the motor was the main path of the common mode current. Accurate calculation of the coupling capacitance between the stator winding and the stator core was important to predict common mode current. Since the internal windings of the motor were irregularly arranged, it was difficult to accurately perform analytical calculations. Simplifying the internal windings into concentrated conductors may result in poor calculation precision. Based on the fullscattered model of the winding, a simplifiedscattered method was proposed. This method could effectively reduce the complexity of the model while keeping the calculation accuracy. The effectiveness of the proposed method was verified by comparing analytical calculations, fullscattered model, simplifiedscattered model and measured values.
While the pulse width modulation (PWM) variable frequency drive improved the efficiency of the AC drive system, higher harmonics were generated, which caused a significant increase in the common mode current. The coupling capacitance between the stator winding and the stator core of the motor was the main path of the common mode current. Accurate calculation of the coupling capacitance between the stator winding and the stator core was important to predict common mode current. Since the internal windings of the motor were irregularly arranged, it was difficult to accurately perform analytical calculations. Simplifying the internal windings into concentrated conductors may result in poor calculation precision. Based on the fullscattered model of the winding, a simplifiedscattered method was proposed. This method could effectively reduce the complexity of the model while keeping the calculation accuracy. The effectiveness of the proposed method was verified by comparing analytical calculations, fullscattered model, simplifiedscattered model and measured values.
2019, 46(9):46-52.
Abstract:
Aiming at the low cost and high precision requirements of permanent magnet linear motor rotor position detection, a method based on saddleshaped magnetic field and the process to obtain position were presented. The magnetic field distribution characteristics of the permanent magnet surface were analyzed. The advantages of using the saddleshaped magnetic field distribution curve to obtain the position information were pointed out. The algorithm flow of estimating the position information based on the saddleshaped magnetic field waveform was proposed. First, two saddle curve data of the staggered phase were measured and the database was divided into four quadrants. Second, in the position detection, the interval search algorithm was used to find the best two sets of magnetic field intervals. Finally, according to the accuracy requirements, the appropriate interpolation algorithm was used to calculate the electrical angle. The simulation results showed that the position calculation based on the saddleshaped magnetic field could better meet the requirements of linear motor rotor position detection.
Aiming at the low cost and high precision requirements of permanent magnet linear motor rotor position detection, a method based on saddleshaped magnetic field and the process to obtain position were presented. The magnetic field distribution characteristics of the permanent magnet surface were analyzed. The advantages of using the saddleshaped magnetic field distribution curve to obtain the position information were pointed out. The algorithm flow of estimating the position information based on the saddleshaped magnetic field waveform was proposed. First, two saddle curve data of the staggered phase were measured and the database was divided into four quadrants. Second, in the position detection, the interval search algorithm was used to find the best two sets of magnetic field intervals. Finally, according to the accuracy requirements, the appropriate interpolation algorithm was used to calculate the electrical angle. The simulation results showed that the position calculation based on the saddleshaped magnetic field could better meet the requirements of linear motor rotor position detection.
2019, 46(9):53-57.
Abstract:
Canned induction motor was the power source of nuclear reactor cooling circuit. It was significant to improve the efficiency and reduce the electromagnetic noise of the motor. A 20 kW nuclear canned induction motor was designed by combining the finite element method with magnetic circuit method. The main parameters that affected the motor efficiency and electromagnetic noise were determined by the simulation analysis of noise and loss under the rated operating condition with the finite element software. The main parameters that affected the efficiency and noise of the motor were selected as optimization variables, the electromagnetic noise and efficiency of the motor were the optimization objectives, and output power was the constraint condition. Sample space was obtained by the orthogonal test table, the optimization model was obtained by response surface methodology, and the particle swarm optimization was used to solve the optimization model. The finite element simulation results showed that the efficiency of the optimized motor was improved by 2.6% and the electromagnetic noise was reduced by 5.2 dB.
Canned induction motor was the power source of nuclear reactor cooling circuit. It was significant to improve the efficiency and reduce the electromagnetic noise of the motor. A 20 kW nuclear canned induction motor was designed by combining the finite element method with magnetic circuit method. The main parameters that affected the motor efficiency and electromagnetic noise were determined by the simulation analysis of noise and loss under the rated operating condition with the finite element software. The main parameters that affected the efficiency and noise of the motor were selected as optimization variables, the electromagnetic noise and efficiency of the motor were the optimization objectives, and output power was the constraint condition. Sample space was obtained by the orthogonal test table, the optimization model was obtained by response surface methodology, and the particle swarm optimization was used to solve the optimization model. The finite element simulation results showed that the efficiency of the optimized motor was improved by 2.6% and the electromagnetic noise was reduced by 5.2 dB.
2019, 46(9):58-64, 74.
Abstract:
In the traditional highperformance control scheme of induction motor, the motor model ignored the influence of motor iron loss, and had a certain deviation from the actual physical model. Based on the induction motor model including the iron loss equivalent resistance, a new excitation current calculation method was established. The current and voltage signals were sampled and discretely processed with high precision, and the motor model was mathematically derived, based on which the recursive least squares algorithm was used for online identification of iron loss resistance, rotor resistance, etc. The MATLAB simulation model was established, and the parameter identification algorithm was verified. The simulation results showed that the proposed method could achieve high precision identification under different working conditions, and could quickly follow the variation of the parameters to be identified, which provided reference for induction motor highperformance control.
In the traditional highperformance control scheme of induction motor, the motor model ignored the influence of motor iron loss, and had a certain deviation from the actual physical model. Based on the induction motor model including the iron loss equivalent resistance, a new excitation current calculation method was established. The current and voltage signals were sampled and discretely processed with high precision, and the motor model was mathematically derived, based on which the recursive least squares algorithm was used for online identification of iron loss resistance, rotor resistance, etc. The MATLAB simulation model was established, and the parameter identification algorithm was verified. The simulation results showed that the proposed method could achieve high precision identification under different working conditions, and could quickly follow the variation of the parameters to be identified, which provided reference for induction motor highperformance control.
2019, 46(9):65-68.
Abstract:
The source of aerodynamic noise of aircooled motor, the measurement method and the commonly used aerodynamic noise control measures in engineering were introduced. Taking an aircooled motor as an example, the steadystate flow field, the transient flow field and the sound field in the external wind path were numerically analyzed by CFD method, and the calculation results were verified by experiments. The reference significance for the aerodynamic noise analysis of selfventilated aircooled motor was prorided.
The source of aerodynamic noise of aircooled motor, the measurement method and the commonly used aerodynamic noise control measures in engineering were introduced. Taking an aircooled motor as an example, the steadystate flow field, the transient flow field and the sound field in the external wind path were numerically analyzed by CFD method, and the calculation results were verified by experiments. The reference significance for the aerodynamic noise analysis of selfventilated aircooled motor was prorided.
2019, 46(9):69-74.
Abstract:
When designing the drive circuit of power MOSFET, the influence of parasitic parameters on the circuit should be concerned. As an important parameter of MOSFET device, Miller capacitance should be considered in the design of drive circuit. The variation of gate voltage, drain source voltage and drain source current during the turnon and turnoff of MOSFET were observed. The influences of parasitic parameters such as Miller capacitance and parasitic inductance on drain source voltage and drain source current were analyzed. The reasons of gate voltage oscillation nearby Miller plateau were analyzed, and the restraining measures were put forward. This research was instructive for the drive design of power MOSFET.
When designing the drive circuit of power MOSFET, the influence of parasitic parameters on the circuit should be concerned. As an important parameter of MOSFET device, Miller capacitance should be considered in the design of drive circuit. The variation of gate voltage, drain source voltage and drain source current during the turnon and turnoff of MOSFET were observed. The influences of parasitic parameters such as Miller capacitance and parasitic inductance on drain source voltage and drain source current were analyzed. The reasons of gate voltage oscillation nearby Miller plateau were analyzed, and the restraining measures were put forward. This research was instructive for the drive design of power MOSFET.
2019, 46(9):75-79.
Abstract:
Focusing on the problem of high energy loss and low test efficiency of the existing wind power converter test system, a test method based on loop power feedback was proposed. The basic principles and the structure of the test system were emphasized, meanwhile the hardware and software platform of converter test was built. The proposed system could realize the automatic testing of various characteristic parameters of the converter. Corresponding tests were carried out on the MWclass wind power converter. The test results showed that the system test efficiency was excellent, and the system was easy to operate, safe and reliable, and could realize energy saving and digitization of the converter experimental system.
Focusing on the problem of high energy loss and low test efficiency of the existing wind power converter test system, a test method based on loop power feedback was proposed. The basic principles and the structure of the test system were emphasized, meanwhile the hardware and software platform of converter test was built. The proposed system could realize the automatic testing of various characteristic parameters of the converter. Corresponding tests were carried out on the MWclass wind power converter. The test results showed that the system test efficiency was excellent, and the system was easy to operate, safe and reliable, and could realize energy saving and digitization of the converter experimental system.
2019, 46(9):80-84.
Abstract:
The architectural components of the commonDCbus motor test system based on LabVIEW was introduced, the ASD servo driver with high precision and high dynamic response was adopted, and suitable current sensor and power analyzer were selected. The upper computer LabVIEW and MATLAB combined to drawn the motor MAP figure and external characteristic curve. The upper computer LabVIEW established relationship with the SQL database. The commonDCbus system optimized the energy circulation mode and realized internal circulation of energy on the bus side. According to the test results, the system had comprehensive functions, could achieved precise control and measurement, had high reliability, and could be used in the performance and durability tests of AC asynchronous motor or permanent magnet synchronous motor below 200 kW.
The architectural components of the commonDCbus motor test system based on LabVIEW was introduced, the ASD servo driver with high precision and high dynamic response was adopted, and suitable current sensor and power analyzer were selected. The upper computer LabVIEW and MATLAB combined to drawn the motor MAP figure and external characteristic curve. The upper computer LabVIEW established relationship with the SQL database. The commonDCbus system optimized the energy circulation mode and realized internal circulation of energy on the bus side. According to the test results, the system had comprehensive functions, could achieved precise control and measurement, had high reliability, and could be used in the performance and durability tests of AC asynchronous motor or permanent magnet synchronous motor below 200 kW.
2019, 46(9):85-94, 110.
Abstract:
The impact of largescale access of wind farms on the transient stability of power grids could not be ignored. Taking the extended twomachine system with doublyfed wind turbines as an example, the equivalent model of doublyfed induction generator was established, and the twomachine system could be equivalent to a singlemachine infinity system. Based on the law of equal area, the analytic formula of critical clearing angle of the system was deduced in detail after wind power accessed. The analytic formula was used to quantitatively analyze the variation trends of the critical clearing angle with wind power ratio, wind turbine grid connection position, fault location and load access position. The influence laws of the above four factors on the stability of transient power angle were summarized. The simulation models of the extended twomachine system with doublyfed induction generator was established in BPA and FASTEST, and the accuracy of the theoretical analysis was verified.
The impact of largescale access of wind farms on the transient stability of power grids could not be ignored. Taking the extended twomachine system with doublyfed wind turbines as an example, the equivalent model of doublyfed induction generator was established, and the twomachine system could be equivalent to a singlemachine infinity system. Based on the law of equal area, the analytic formula of critical clearing angle of the system was deduced in detail after wind power accessed. The analytic formula was used to quantitatively analyze the variation trends of the critical clearing angle with wind power ratio, wind turbine grid connection position, fault location and load access position. The influence laws of the above four factors on the stability of transient power angle were summarized. The simulation models of the extended twomachine system with doublyfed induction generator was established in BPA and FASTEST, and the accuracy of the theoretical analysis was verified.
2019, 46(9):95-100.
Abstract:
A shortterm wind power forecasting method based on long shortterm memoryattention (LSTMAttention) network was presented. Firstly, the LSTM network was used to extract the feature information of numerical weather prediction (NWP) data, and the attention mechanism was used to effectively analyze the correlation between input and output of the model, so as to obtain more global features of important moments. Secondly, the convolutional neural network (CNN) was used to extract the local features of NWP data, squeezeexcitation (SE) blocks were introduced to learn the feature weights, and the feature recalibration method was used to improve the network representation ability. Finally, local and global features were fused, and the classification results were output by classifier. A case study of a wind farm in California, American provided by National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) was conducted to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed method. The experimental results showed that LSTMAttention model had higher prediction accuracy than BP neural network, autoregressive integrated moving average (ARIMA) model and LSTM model, which proved the validity of the proposed method.
A shortterm wind power forecasting method based on long shortterm memoryattention (LSTMAttention) network was presented. Firstly, the LSTM network was used to extract the feature information of numerical weather prediction (NWP) data, and the attention mechanism was used to effectively analyze the correlation between input and output of the model, so as to obtain more global features of important moments. Secondly, the convolutional neural network (CNN) was used to extract the local features of NWP data, squeezeexcitation (SE) blocks were introduced to learn the feature weights, and the feature recalibration method was used to improve the network representation ability. Finally, local and global features were fused, and the classification results were output by classifier. A case study of a wind farm in California, American provided by National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) was conducted to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed method. The experimental results showed that LSTMAttention model had higher prediction accuracy than BP neural network, autoregressive integrated moving average (ARIMA) model and LSTM model, which proved the validity of the proposed method.
2019, 46(9):101-110.
Abstract:
For the early broken rotor bars fault of induction motor, the fault characteristic frequency of the stator current was easily submerged by the fundamental frequency, so the broken rotor bars fault of motor could not be detected in time. Multiple coupled circuit equation was used to establish the model of the broken rotor bars fault occurring in induction motor, and the model of the early broken rotor bars fault of induction motor in dq0 coordinate system was derived. Based on the fault model, the variation curves of motor equivalent parameters were obtained by parameter identification and sliding window technology. These curves had obvious fault characteristic signals for the early broken rotor bars fault, and the characteristics of the curves could be used to diagnose the broken rotor bars fault. The different indexes of the rotor faults with different degrees were given. The experiment verified the feasibility of the proposed method.
For the early broken rotor bars fault of induction motor, the fault characteristic frequency of the stator current was easily submerged by the fundamental frequency, so the broken rotor bars fault of motor could not be detected in time. Multiple coupled circuit equation was used to establish the model of the broken rotor bars fault occurring in induction motor, and the model of the early broken rotor bars fault of induction motor in dq0 coordinate system was derived. Based on the fault model, the variation curves of motor equivalent parameters were obtained by parameter identification and sliding window technology. These curves had obvious fault characteristic signals for the early broken rotor bars fault, and the characteristics of the curves could be used to diagnose the broken rotor bars fault. The different indexes of the rotor faults with different degrees were given. The experiment verified the feasibility of the proposed method.
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Electric Machines & Control Application ® 2025
Supported by:Beijing E-Tiller Technology Development Co., Ltd.
沪ICP备16038578号-3
Electric Machines & Control Application ® 2025
Supported by:Beijing E-Tiller Technology Development Co., Ltd.
