Volume 47,Issue 1,2020 Table of Contents

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  • 1  Deadbeat Stator Flux and Torque Control System of Surface Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motor
    LI Yaohua ZHOU Yifan ZHAO Chenghui QIN Yugui YANG Qidong REN Jiayue
    2020, 47(1):1-7. DOI: 10.12177/emca.2019.116
    [Abstract](1024) [HTML](0) [PDF 765.11 K](1797)
    Abstract:
    Simplified models for calculating stator flux and torque of surface permanent magnet synchronous motor (SPMSM) at the next moment in the stator flux coordinate system are proposed. It is verified that these models can be used in deadbeat stator flux and torque control system. Moreover, the complexity of the deadbeat control calculation is reduced and the real-time performance of the system is improved. Model predictive control (MPC) is used to select a basic voltage vector as output voltage vector, which is the nearest to ideal output voltage vector calculated in deadbeat torque and stator flux control system. Simulation results testify the effectiveness of the proposed control system. In order to further improve the real-time performance, two simplified methods to determine the basic voltage vector are given. Simulation results show that the control performance using these simplified methods is almost the same as using MPC. As the calculation in MPC is not needed, the system calculation burden is reduced.
    2  Observer-Based Fuzzy Backstepping Position Tracking Control for Asynchronous Motor Stochastic System
    ZHAO Enliang YU Jinfei CHENG Shuai YU Jinpeng
    2020, 47(1):8-14. DOI: 10.12177/emca.2019.139
    [Abstract](710) [HTML](0) [PDF 750.27 K](1094)
    Abstract:
    An observer-based adaptive fuzzy backstepping position tracking control method for asynchronous motor stochastic system is designed. The reduced-order observer is constructed to estimate the angular speed. The unknown stochastic nonlinear function in the motor model is approximated by fuzzy logic systems. The problem of "explosion of complexity" in traditional backstepping design is solved by using dynamic surface control technique. Simulation results show that the proposed control method can overcome the influence of stochastic disturbance and ensure the adequately small tracking error.
    3  Pulse Width Modulation Variable Duty Cycle Control of Switched Reluctance Motor Based on Torque Sharing Function
    LIU Di ZHAO Yongsheng FAN Yunsheng LIU Jian
    2020, 47(1):15-20. DOI: 10.12177/emca.2019.132
    [Abstract](537) [HTML](0) [PDF 746.48 K](869)
    Abstract:
    Aiming at solving the problem that the traditional torque sharing function (TSF) control strategy of the switched reluctance motor (SRM) has the disadvantages of poor tracking performance of phase current and high torque ripples, an optimized TSF-based pulse width modulation (PWM) variable duty cycle control of the SRM is proposed. In this method, PWM and hysteresis control are combined, and the control process is sectioned based on the linear inductance model characteristics. The winding voltage is adjusted through changing the PWM duty cycle of different intervals, so as to achieve excellent current tracking and suppress torque ripple. Simulation and experimental results further verify the effectiveness of the proposed method. In comparison with the traditional TSF control strategy, the optimized control method has less current tracking error and lower torque ripple.
    4  Mode Switching and Position Compensation Deviation Coupling Synchronous Control of Multiple Canned Motors for Vacuum Pumps
    ZHANG Yonglong AN Yuejun ZHANG Zhiheng WANG Guangyu
    2020, 47(1):21-28. DOI: 10.12177/emca.2019.118
    [Abstract](530) [HTML](0) [PDF 906.16 K](934)
    Abstract:
    For the multiple-canned-motor system used for vacuum pumps, fault shutdown may occur under different conditions such as starting, sudden random disturbance, sudden cyclic load, single motor failure, and multi-motor asynchronous failure. Aiming at this problem, a mode switching and position compensation deviation coupling synchronous control system is designed. The position compensator is innovatively introduced into the speed compensator and the deviation coupling control mode is switched to master-slave control at the moment of fault shutdown. The proposed control system is compared with the traditional virtual motor synchronous control system. The results show that for single motor failure and two-motor asynchronous failure, after mode switching and position compensation, the position errors of the proposed control system are 4.6° and 4°, respectively, which are smaller than the position error tolerance value of 5°. In comparison, the position errors of the traditional virtual motor control system are 15° and 20°, respectively.
    5  Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motor Position Sensorless Control Algorithm Based on RTU Platform
    YANG Zexian ZHU Yufei CHEN Yuhan WEN Zhiwei ZHANG Wei
    2020, 47(1):29-35. DOI: 10.12177/emca.2019.137
    [Abstract](550) [HTML](0) [PDF 926.54 K](934)
    Abstract:
    The traditional chips used in motor control are FPGA, DSP, ARM and so on, which need to be programmed manually. These methods are complicated in both development and debugging process. For this situation, the hardware-in-the-loop simulation platform real-time unit (RTU) provides a very effective and rapid method to develop, optimize and test complex control algorithms without manual programming on real hardware. A model reference adaptive position sensorless control system for permanent magnet synchronous motor (PMSM) is developed based on RTU experimental platform. The control strategy is simulated and experimentally studied on the platform of MATLAB/Simulink and RTU. The results show that the control method is correct and the RTU platform is feasible and effective.
    6  Torque Tracking Control of Induction Motor Based on Passivity Principle in Case of Arbitrary Unknown Load Torque and Rotor Resistance
    MA Lianghe
    2020, 47(1):36-40. DOI: 10.12177/emca.2019.127
    [Abstract](507) [HTML](0) [PDF 608.37 K](872)
    Abstract:
    The expected torque tracking control problem of induction motor based on passivity principle is analyzed in case of arbitrary unknown time varying load torque and rotor resistance. The mathematical model of induction motor in Euler-Lagrange (E-L) equation is built. The controller, the expected orbit, the expected toque, the rotor resistance estimator, the load torque estimator and the rotor state observer are designed. Through these processes, it is theoretically proved that the expected torque and speed can be tracked asymptotically and the load torque and rotor resistance can be estimated rapidly. The MATLAB/Simulink simulation results also show the correctness, validity and excellent performance of the proposed method.
    7  Sensorless Field Oriented Control of Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motor Based on Fluctuating High Frequency Square Wave Injection
    WU Shaofeng SHAN Zhong
    2020, 47(1):41-47. DOI: 10.12177/emca.2019.141
    [Abstract](866) [HTML](0) [PDF 932.00 K](1035)
    Abstract:
    For sensorless field oriented control of permanent magnet synchronous motor, a method of fluctuating high frequency square wave injection is used. Novel square wave voltage signal is injected by this method. High frequency response is extracted through a second-order finite impulse response (FIR) high pass filter. Rotor position is estimated by a closed-loop phase locking loop. The initial rotor polarity is distinguished by changing the current of d axis. Practical features of the control are expressed by formulas through theoretical analysis. Experiments are done according to the features. When the square wave is injected, the frequency of the wave can increase to one half of the control frequency and audible noise will basically disappear. Meanwhile, signal processing is enormously simplified, and the measurable range of rotation speed is improved to medium and high speed.
    8  Analysis of Magnetic Field Modulation Capability of Cage Rotor of Brushless Doubly-Fed Machine
    LIU Haoqing WANG Shuhong BAI Yinru
    2020, 47(1):48-53. DOI: 10.12177/emca.2019.133
    [Abstract](454) [HTML](0) [PDF 751.18 K](760)
    Abstract:
    Because of its simple and special rotor structure, the cage rotor brushless doubly-fed machine(BDFM) has rich magnetic field harmonic content, which directly affects the rotor′s magnetic field modulation capacity. From the internal magnetic field of the motor, a fast method to calculate the rotor magnetic field of the BDFM is proposed, and the influences of the number and distribution of short circuit rings on the rotor magnetic field are analyzed. Taking the number and span of short circuit rings as the parameters, the MATLAB calculation program is established to analyze the modulation capacity of the rotor. The ultimate modulation capacity of the rotor is studied. The electromagnetic field finite element analysis software Flux is used to establish the motor model for verification. The results are helpful to the optimization design of rotor structure.
    9  Speed Regulation Characteristics of Cage Rotor Magnetic Coupler
    GE Yanjun JU Lufeng PAN Lin GUAN Chengping LIU Yongpan
    2020, 47(1):54-58. DOI: 10.12177/emca.2019.140
    [Abstract](539) [HTML](0) [PDF 701.61 K](749)
    Abstract:
    A kind of speed regulating asynchronous magnetic coupler (SRAMC) based on cage rotor of asynchronous motor is designed. The relationship between torque and slip ratio is deduced. Based on this, the operation mechanisms of SRAMC′s starting characteristics, inflection point characteristics and synchronization characteristics are analyzed. The SRAMC finite element simulation model is established. The torque and speed curves, the relation between torque and slip ratio, and the corresponding speed regulation characteristic curves are obtained. Through the analysis of the established model and the above-mentioned curves, it is concluded that the starting and rated torques of SRAMC are proportional to the air gap magnetic density, the polar distance of permanent magnet and the square of coupling length, and its maximum torque is independent of the resistance of inner rotor cage strip. In addition, SRAMC has excellent speed regulation characteristics, and good energy saving benefits can be obtained when it is applied to centrifugal load.
    10  Optimal Design of Forming Winding Permanent Magnet Motor
    SUN Chongyang FENG Guihong
    2020, 47(1):59-65. DOI: 10.12177/emca.2019.142
    [Abstract](590) [HTML](0) [PDF 914.92 K](928)
    Abstract:
    Based on the high net slot filling rate, the forming winding can make the iron core length shorter and the torque density higher when the rated power, cooling system, inner and outer diameters of stator, and stator slot area keep unchanged. The traditional upper and lower double-layer forming winding structure with pitch 1 is changed to left and right structure, in which the forming difficulty of winding is reduced and the production efficiency is improved. Due to the large width of slot opening, the harmonic content in the air gap magnetic flux density will be increased and the operation stability will be reduced. Thus, the Taguchi method is used to optimize the cogging torque and output torque of motor with air gap length and stator slot width and depth as optimization variables. The finite element analysis model of the motor is established and simulation is performed with this model. The prototype experiment verifies the rationality of the design of the forming winding.
    11  High-Speed Brushless DC Motor Driver Based on GaN Devices
    SHI Bingwei XIE Menxi
    2020, 47(1):66-70. DOI: 10.12177/emca.2019.126
    [Abstract](699) [HTML](0) [PDF 794.49 K](878)
    Abstract:
    Traditional brushless DC motor (BLDCM) drivers which utilize silicon devices, due to the low working frequency and high switch loss, cannot fulfill high-speed applications. Wide-band-gap GaN devices with low turn-on resistance and high switch frequency are the optimum choice for high-speed drivers. A BLDCM driver based on GaN devices is designed. The motor rotation speed of 20 000 r/min is achieved. The BLDCM driver theory is introduced. The GaN devices′ gate-drive resistance is calculated. Choosing gate-drive chip Si8273 to drive GS61008P and using Hall signal to obtain commutation time, the design of high-speed driver is completed. Experiment results show that GaN devices improve the controller′s response significantly and the size of the controller is also comparatively smaller.
    12  Operation Modes of Open-Winding Brushless DC Motor
    LUO Ling HUANG Qi ZHANG Yuan
    2020, 47(1):71-77. DOI: 10.12177/emca.2019.136
    [Abstract](539) [HTML](0) [PDF 857.79 K](996)
    Abstract:
    Brushless DC motors (BLDCMs) are widely used in electrical drive field. As neutral point exists in conventional star-connected and delta-connected BLDCM windings, torque ripples and low reliability may happen to the motor. The application of open winding to three-phase BLDCM system is proposed. The topology and 8 operation modes of open-winding BLDCM system are introduced. The electromagnetic equation of open-winding three-phase BLDCM is analyzed. A mathematical model of the open-winding BLDCM is built with MATLAB Simulink toolbox and the current, torque and speed of the motor under 8 operation modes are simulated. The prototype and the test system are designed. The performances of open-winding BLDCM in two-phase conduction and six-state operation mode are tested. The test results show that,compared with star-connected BLDCM, open-winding BLDCM has a wider speed adjustment range and less commutation torque ripple, exhibiting similar torque-speed characteristics.
    13  Design of Torque Observer Based on BP Neural Network for Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motor
    GENG Jianping YAN Yubai XIONG Guangyang ZHANG Kuiqing PAN Jiadong
    2020, 47(1):78-83. DOI: 10.12177/emca.2019.125
    [Abstract](449) [HTML](0) [PDF 785.77 K](854)
    Abstract:
    It is difficult to identify the motor parameters of permanent magnet synchronous motor, and the electromagnetic torque is also difficult to accurately estimate by mathematical model, which leads to the decrease of the motor control precision and the overall performance of the drive system. A motor electromagnetic torque network topology based on back-propagation (BP) neural network is designed. The network is packaged into a torque observer by MATLAB/Simulink for accurate calculation of motor torque. Experimental verification and comparison with the traditional calculation method are carried out by the experimental platform. Experimental results show that the torque observer has high-precision torque output performance and the control precision is higher than that of the traditional torque estimation mathematical model.
    14  Harmonic Suppression of Permanent Magnet Generator Winding Based on Rd Damped LCLLC Filter
    HE Wenjun HE Shan CHEN Xiaodan WANG Benguang DING Zhenglong
    2020, 47(1):84-90. DOI: 10.12177/emca.2019.128
    [Abstract](381) [HTML](0) [PDF 903.01 K](827)
    Abstract:
    In the permanent magnet wind power generation system, it is necessary to reduce the insulation damage of the stator winding caused by the pulse width modulation (PWM) high frequency pulse wave generated from the generator side converter, and reduce the generator loss caused by the harmonic current. Based on the analysis of the traditional PI control strategy, a new strategy is proposed, in which a resonant two-degree-of-freedom (R-2DOF) PID controller is designed by combining the resonant controller with a 2DOF PID controller, and particle swarm optimization (PSO) algorithm is used to optimize the controller parameters. The controller has strong current tracking capability, stable control and good harmonic current suppression. At the same time, the Rd damping type (filter capacitor branch series resistance) LCLLC filter is used for the generator side converter to attenuate the high-order harmonics in the PWM high frequency pulses. In comparison with the existing harmonics suppression strategy combining traditional PI control with Rd damping type LCL filter, the proposed controller can not only suppress current harmonics, but also achieve the no-error control of the current loop. Moreover, the proposed controller can reduce the influence of external disturbance and enhance the dynamic stability. Simulation experiment of permanent magnet synchronous generator is carried out on MATLAB/Simulink. Simulation results show that the LCLLC filter has a good effect on filtering the harmonic components of the PWM high frequency pulse wave. The R-2DOF PID controller can track the periodic signal without error and achieve the suppression of harmonics.
    15  Research on Noise and Endurance Optimization of Permanent Magnet Assisted Synchronous Reluctance Motor for New Energy Vehicles
    TANG Xiaochun YU Bing XU Shijie DONG Jiangdong
    2020, 47(1):91-96. DOI: 10.12177/emca.2019.143
    [Abstract](638) [HTML](0) [PDF 857.99 K](893)
    Abstract:
    Permanent magnet assisted synchronous reluctance motor has the advantages of high torque/power density, high efficiency range, high speed, low back electromotive force (EMF), low cost, etc., so it is more and more widely used in new energy fields, especially passenger vehicle drive systems. However, this kind of motor has high salient pole rate, large waveform distortion and large torque ripple, which are easy to generate problems of vibration noise and low efficiency of the motor, resulting in the whole vehicle vibration noise and insufficient battery life. By adding the rotor magnetic isolation holes and changing the direction of the magnetic circuit, the torque ripple at the full speed range of the motor and the total harmonic distortion (THD) content of the corresponding load air gap induced EMF waveform are reduced. The radial electromagnetic force and harmonic response of the motor before and after optimization are compared and analyzed. Finally, the effectiveness of the optimization method is proved by experiments.
    16  Structural Design and Simulation Analysis of a Vehicle Power Motor
    WANG Linglong SHEN Sheng ZHANG Guoguang ZHOU Houjian GUO Jun
    2020, 47(1):97-101. DOI: 10.12177/emca.2019.134
    [Abstract](455) [HTML](0) [PDF 745.01 K](774)
    Abstract:
    The automobile industry is facing more and more severe environmental and energy challenges, urging the major automobile enterprises to invest more capital and technology in new energy vehicles. The drive motor is one of the core components of new energy vehicle. The motor works in high temperature and vibration environment with high power density. Therefore, the design of motor structure is related to strength, vibration and noise, durability, etc. The structural characteristics and the design and development process of a drive motor are described. The static strength of the motor shell under different working conditions of the whole vehicle, the stress on the shell under sweep-frequency vibration and random vibration conditions, and the modes of the whole motor are analyzed by CAE simulation. Through the special vibration test of the drive motor, it is proved that its structural strength and modes meet the design objectives.
    17  Surface Fixing Technology of Brushless DC Motor Rotor Magnetic Tile
    XIE Fan HU Rongyao ZHENG Shilin LU Hao
    2020, 47(1):102-105. DOI: 10.12177/emca.2019.121
    [Abstract](1370) [HTML](0) [PDF 594.07 K](2349)
    Abstract:
    Aiming at the problem of long solidification time of adhesive for fixing the magnetic tile of brushless DC motor (BLDCM), the minimum bonding strength of the adhesive is obtained by analyzing and calculating the stress of the magnetic tile, and the rapid fixing of the magnetic tile is realized by developing and verifying the thermosetting adhesive. The stability of adhesive after complete solidification is verified by high temperature test, low temperature test, high temperature and humidity test, thermal shock test, and high temperature timely test. The results show that the minimum bonding strength of fixed magnetic tile is 5.81 MPa, and the bonding strength of AC451 glue is 15.6 MPa at 60 ℃/20 min, confirming that the complete fixation of magnetic tile is realized. After dynamic balance test, the glue solidifies at room temperature for 5 h, and its bonding strength reaches 22.2 MPa, which meets the requiments of all type tests. It is safe and reliable, and has wide industrial application prospects.
    18  Software Design and Application of Operation and Maintenance Platform of Motor Equipment
    YU Kai CHEN Yerong YAN Dongyan
    2020, 47(1):106-109. DOI: 10.12177/emca.2019.130
    [Abstract](667) [HTML](0) [PDF 564.68 K](1460)
    Abstract:
    With the increasingly fierce competition in the manufacturing industry, the manual operation and maintenance of traditional motor equipment is inefficient, while its cost is increasingly high. How to solve equipment faults efficiently and cheaply has become an important factor in the development of manufacturing enterprises. Combined with modern information platform, according to the classification of motor faults, fault diagnosis analysis database is established. In combination with expert system, the motor operation and maintenance platform is constructed. It is applied to the enterprise production environment. By equipping the motor equipment with sensors and data acquisition gateway and using the motor operation and maintenance platform system, the operational cost of motor equipment is reduced, the operational efficiency is improved, and the informatization, automation, intelligentization and securitization of manufacturing equipment operation are supported. The operation and maintenance platform can promote the competitiveness of enterprises in the information age.

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