Volume 47,Issue 2,2020 Table of Contents

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  • 1  Development Status of Rotating Superconducting Motor
    WANG Yubin
    2020, 47(2):1-8. DOI: 10.12177/emca.2019.163
    [Abstract](1149) [HTML](0) [PDF 1.04 M](2183)
    Abstract:
    Large-capacity rotating superconducting (SC) motor has bright application prospects in low-speed direct-drive applications such as wind power generation and ship driving. SC motors are classified into rotating and stationary seal SC motors, depending on whether a cryogenic coupling transmission device is used to achieve the transmission of cryogenic medium and the input of excitation power. Stator and rotor configurations and their advantages and disadvantages of rotating seal SC motors are analyzed and summarized, respectively. For stationary seal SC motors, typical topologies such as segmented-rotor flux-switching motor, field-modulation double-stator motor and single-excitation pole-divided motor are used as examples to reveal the essential reason for achieving stationary seal of the cooling system. Finally, the common problems faced by these two types of SC motors are discussed. From the configuration level of the motor, the strategies and methods of suppressing the influence of the armature reaction magnetic field on the SC coil are given for the stationary seal SC motors.
    2  Control Strategy of Adaptive Switching Between DTC and MPTC for Surface Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motor
    LI Yaohua ZHAO Chenghui QIN Yugui ZHOU Yifan SU Jinshi QIN Hui
    2020, 47(2):9-13. DOI: 10.12177/emca.2019.123
    [Abstract](740) [HTML](0) [PDF 632.20 K](949)
    Abstract:
    The traditional model predictive torque control (MPTC) of surface permanent magnet synchronous motor (SPMSM) uses all 7 voltage vectors generated by inverter as candidate voltage vectors, which brings large calculation burden. Based on switching table used in direct torque control (DTC), it is proposed to use a voltage vector generated by switching table and a zero voltage vector as candidate voltage vectors of MPTC. Simulation results show that the proposed strategy can decrease torque ripple and average switching frequency compared with traditional MPTC, and the calculation burden is reduced. twice to or once In order to improve the dynamic response, an adaptive control strategy is given: when the system is at steady state, the MPTC based on switching table is used; when the system is at dynamic state, DTC is used. Simulation results show that the proposed method combines the advantages of MPTC and DTC, improves torque dynamic response and suppress stator flux ripple at dynamic state.
    3  Sensorless Control Strategy of Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motor Based on Improved ASMO
    YU Li LI Bohan CAO Yongjuan
    2020, 47(2):14-20. DOI: 10.12177/emca.2019.144
    [Abstract](777) [HTML](0) [PDF 912.65 K](991)
    Abstract:
    Aiming at the problems of high frequency chattering of sliding mode and large estimation error of rotor position in sensorless control system of permanent magnet synchronous motor (PMSM), an improved adaptive sliding mode observer (ASMO) is proposed based on the traditional sliding mode observer (SMO). The stability of the observer is proved by Lyapunov theorem. By using the piecewise exponential function instead of the traditional switch function and combining it with phase-locked loop (PLL) technology to extract the rotor position and speed signals from the back electromotive force (EMF), the chattering can be effectively suppressed and the observation error can be reduced. The simulation results of MATLAB show that the improved observer has higher accuracy and better dynamic performance than the traditional SMO.
    4  Speed Sensorless Control of Induction Motor Based on Discretized Combined Flux Linkage Model
    DU Kun JIANG Lin HAN Lu DAI Yunzhong ZHONG Hongbo
    2020, 47(2):21-26. DOI: 10.12177/emca.2019.147
    [Abstract](490) [HTML](0) [PDF 792.06 K](992)
    Abstract:
    The key of vector control system is whether the flux linkage can be accurately positioned. Taking the advantages and disadvantages of traditional voltage- and current-model flux observers and their application scope into consideration, a voltage and current combined flux observer is proposed. Smooth switching between voltage and current models is achieved through proportional integral control. The trapezoidal method is used to discretize the combined flux model, which realizes the digitization of the vector control system of induction motor. The physical experiment platform based on DSP28055 is built. The experimental results show the effectiveness of the method and the feasibility and superiority of the combined flux model in induction motor vector control system.
    5  Double-Vector Model Predictive Current Control of Five-Leg Dual Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motor System
    WANG Liang GENG Qiang ZHOU Zhanqing
    2020, 47(2):27-33. DOI: 10.12177/emca.2019.148
    [Abstract](566) [HTML](0) [PDF 987.49 K](896)
    Abstract:
    In order to solve the problem of large steady-state fluctuation of single-vector model predictive current (MPCC) control for the five-leg dual permanent magnet synchronous motor (PMSM) system, an optimal double-vector model predictive current control strategy is proposed. By using the idea of deadbeat, the time required for two motors to track the reference value of q-axis current is predicted independently. The basic effective vector which can track the q-axis current accurately in a control cycle is screened out. According to the characteristics that the switching state of the common leg must be consistent, the appropriate zero vector is selected to combine the vectors that meet the conditions, and the vector combination that makes the system performance reach the optimum is selected to act on the five-leg inverter to drive the two motors, so as to improve the operation performance of the system. The simulation results verify the feasibility and effectiveness of the proposed double-vector MPCC strategy.
    6  Application of Variable Universe Fuzzy PID Control in AC Power Generation System
    WEN Li CHEN Zhihui GUO Runlong SHAO Lei
    2020, 47(2):34-41. DOI: 10.12177/emca.2019.149
    [Abstract](528) [HTML](0) [PDF 1009.85 K](945)
    Abstract:
    Although traditional PID controller is generally used for voltage regulation control in the three-stage AC power generation system, this control strategy cannot meet the requirements of high precision and fast response of complex system in some cases. Based on the analysis on the shortcomings of traditional PID controller, the fuzzy PID control strategy is introduced. There is a problem that the domain of fuzzy PID is too small in the process of dynamic regulation of the system. In order to solve this problem, a PID controller based on the theory of variable universe fuzzy control is proposed. It is compared with the traditional double-loop PID controller and the common fuzzy PID controller on MATLAB/Simulink platform. Simulation results show that the proposed control strategy has better steady-state regulation accuracy and dynamic regulation performance. Compared with the traditional double-loop PID controller, the steady-state error is improved from 0.5% to 0.3%, and the dynamic regulation time is shortened from 0.4 s to 0.2 s.
    7  Application of High Voltage Converter in Electrically Excited Synchronous Motor
    WU Weiliang LIU Jing YANG Haiying
    2020, 47(2):42-48. DOI: 10.12177/emca.2019.096
    [Abstract](580) [HTML](0) [PDF 939.73 K](887)
    Abstract:
    Electrically excited synchronous motor has the advantages of wide speed range, strong overload capability and adjustable power factor. It is widely used in the field of high power transmission. The system structure and the neutral point voltage balance control strategy of a neutral point clamped (NPC) three-level high voltage converter are introduced for this purpose. Speed sensorless vector control strategy based on current frequency (IF) control and sliding mode observer (SMO) is used to control the variable frequency starting and speed regulating of electrically excited synchronous motor. The MATLAB simulation results show that the converter has good startup and operation performance due to the adoption of the proposed control strategy. It provides technical support for high voltage and high power transmission applications.
    8  Design and Analysis of Winding Type Permanent Magnet Coupling Speed Regulating Motor
    ZHAO Qiming XU Liang XU Guoxiang YANG Zhiyong
    2020, 47(2):49-53. DOI: 10.12177/emca.2019.159
    [Abstract](872) [HTML](0) [PDF 711.45 K](1918)
    Abstract:
    The inverter speed regulation technology can realize speed regulation. However, the inverter has complex structure and is susceptible to electromagnetic interference, which influences the reliability of equipment running. In addition, when the grid voltage fluctuates, the inverter is hard to ensure the normal operation of the whole system. Therefore, its application in harsh environment such as power plant is limited. For this problem, a new winding type permanent magnet coupling speed regulating motor is proposed. The clutch of the motor adopts a non-mechanical contact structure to reduce the mechanical loss. Then, the rotor is directly adjusted by cascade speed regulation, which has the advantages of quick response and high reliability. The structure has the capability of resisting low voltage ride-through of power grid. Finite element model of the winding type permanent magnet coupling speed regulating motor is established and finite element analysis is carried out. The results show that the motor has good speed regulation ability and steady torque. It has a broad application prospect in industry.
    9  Application of PID Dual-Closed-Loop in the Position Control System of Suction-Type Manipulator
    CAI Qingqing WANG Jingcun WEN Dong
    2020, 47(2):54-59. DOI: 10.12177/emca.2019.157
    [Abstract](585) [HTML](0) [PDF 852.78 K](945)
    Abstract:
    Aiming at the problem of speed and position control inaccuracy caused by out of step or overshoot in the practical application of stepper motor, considering the suction-type manipulator moving positioning problem, a position control system of stepper motor based on PID dual-closed-loop algorithm is designed. The system consists of STM32 controller, photoelectric encoder, slot type photoelectric switch and LV8729 driving circuit. Based on the PID dual-closed-loop algorithm, the software realization of the closed-loop control method of stepper motor position is studied. The feasibility and good control performance of the system control scheme are verified in practical application.
    10  Analysis and Research on the Temperature Field of the Axial-Radial Direction Conductor in the Rotor of Turbine Generator
    SUN Yongbiao WANG Kun FU Chao NIE Tingting KANG Hao NA Yuanyuan
    2020, 47(2):60-65. DOI: 10.12177/emca.2019.160
    [Abstract](464) [HTML](0) [PDF 873.52 K](925)
    Abstract:
    A large air-cooled turbine generator rotor adopts the cooling mode of wind inlet from both sides of the wire. In order to study the influences of the number of conductors in the slots, the conductor flow areas and the radial and circumferential locations of conductors on the distribution in the hollow conductor mass flow, inletoutlet temperature difference and the average temperature, 1/2 circle and half rotor model is established, including end winding, winding active part, airgap and the fluid domain. According to the principle of computational fluid dynamics, the finite volume method is used to simulate the threedimensional heat flow field in the computational domain. The results show that the conductor located in circumference R12 and winding L1 has the maximum flow rate of 0.0189 m3/s, while the conductor at circumference R2 and winding T5 has the dangerous part with the highest temperature reaching 129.10 ℃, which is still within the rotor normal temperature range. Through the variance analysis, it is found that radial and circumferential position distribution has similar effects on the conductor average temperature heterogeneity, and the influence of the conductor flow area is greater.
    11  Square Wave Sensorless Controller for Brushless DC Fan
    HUANG Qi WANG Di CAO Jichao HU Bin
    2020, 47(2):66-71. DOI: 10.12177/emca.2019.131
    [Abstract](499) [HTML](0) [PDF 923.38 K](1193)
    Abstract:
    Brushless DC fan is widely used in the heat dissipation system of electronic equipment. The fan is usually required to be small in size and have large air volume and integrated speed regulation. A controller is designed for a 12 V brushless DC fan. In order to reduce the cost and volume of the controller, several measures are taken: all electronic components are domestic surface mounted devices, the controller adopts the square wave control algorithm without position sensor, the commutation position of the fan is determined by back electromotive force (EMF) zero-crossing point detection, and three-stage starting is adopted. The prototype fan is manufactured and the experimental platform is built. The starting performance, wind pressure and flow rate of the fan are tested. Experimental results verify the rationality of the controller scheme.
    12  Strength Analysis of Motor Flange Structure Based on Finite Element Method
    WANG Guolong LI Na ZHAO Daifu
    2020, 47(2):72-75. DOI: 10.12177/emca.2019.150
    [Abstract](551) [HTML](0) [PDF 584.23 K](946)
    Abstract:
    Taking the flange structure of a three-phase asynchronous motor (frame number 280) as the object, solid modeling is carried out by using SolidWorks three-dimensional software. The strength of the structure is analyzed and checked by using material mechanics theory and finite element analysis software. The design of this type of flange structure is optimized. The analysis support for the strength check of this type of motor flange structure is provided. The finite element solution to the strength analysis of motor flange structure is operational and effective.
    13  Design and Realization of Motor Control System for Electric Spark Sharpening Machine Tools
    LIU Xuewen LIU Ao
    2020, 47(2):76-79. DOI: 10.12177/emca.2019.152
    [Abstract](422) [HTML](0) [PDF 575.00 K](886)
    Abstract:
    According to the principle of electric spark processing, a motor control system for electric spark sharpening machine tools is designed by using single chip microcomputer. The hardware circuits including sampling circuit, variable frequency speed regulation circuit of sharpening motor and sharpening speed control circuit, and system software design are introduced. The function and performance of the control system are tested. The test results show that the motor control system can meet the requirements of the sharpening machine tools for the grinding of superhard materials.
    14  Analysis of Cooling System of Shielded Motor for Vacuum Pump Based onFluid-Structure Coupling Method
    HU Xin AN Yuejun YANG Weiguo KONG Xiangling BI Delong SHI Yong ZHU Sheng
    2020, 47(2):80-85. DOI: 10.12177/emca.2019.153
    [Abstract](507) [HTML](0) [PDF 877.92 K](822)
    Abstract:
    When the Roots vacuum pump drive motor runs under some special environments, the temperature rise of the motor is too high and then causes overburning. In order to solve this problem, the fluid-structure coupling method is used to select the appropriate cooling system to ensure the effective heat dissipation of the motor. Taking a 5 kW motor as the object, the motor simulation models of circumferential spiral channel and axial zigzag channel are established by finite element method. Based on the fluid-structure coupling heat transfer theory, the flow state of the cooling medium in the motor and the motor temperature distribution are analyzed. Taking the flow rate, inlet and outlet pressure difference, and temperature distributions in the motor squirrel cage and winding into consideration, the more suitable cooling water channel structure and size configuration are selected by utilizing the computational fluid dynamics (CFD) software and temperature field analysis. Finally, the temperature rise test of the prototype is carried out, and the test results are in good agreement with the simulation data. The rationality of the cooling system design and the accuracy of the simulation analysis are verified, providing a scientific basis for mass production of the product.
    15  A Droop Control Strategy for Improving the Sharing Accuracy of Reactive Power
    YU Qiao ZHANG Qiaojie LI Yunxia
    2020, 47(2):86-90. DOI: 10.12177/emca.2019.138
    [Abstract](429) [HTML](0) [PDF 672.75 K](845)
    Abstract:
    Considering the unequal sharing of reactive power and the circulating current caused by the difference of line impedance of paralleled inverters, an improved droop control strategy based on adaptive compensation of reactive power is proposed. On the basis of the traditional voltagereactive power droop control, reactive power deviation is introduced as the compensation amount. After the adaptive adjustment of reactive power, it can effectively improve the accuracy of reactive power sharing and achieve great suppression of circulating current. The improved droop control is verified by the MATLAB/Simulink simulation and NI PXIe1071 experimental platform.
    16  Photovoltaic/Battery Micro-Grid System Based on Energy Storage of Decommissioned Power Battery
    XU Xiaoyong
    2020, 47(2):91-96. DOI: 10.12177/emca.2019.145
    [Abstract](526) [HTML](0) [PDF 806.17 K](789)
    Abstract:
    As a storage battery for micro-grid, lithium battery can improve the stability of photovoltaic power generation system and improve power quality, but the cost is high. The use of decommissioned lithium battery of electric vehicle for energy storage unit of photovoltaic/battery micro-grid can not only reduce investment costs, but also alleviate the pressure of large-scale batteries entering the recycling phase. Based on the working principle of lithium battery, the equivalent circuit model of lithium battery is constructed. Cascaded topology of energy storage converter and multiple DC/DC converters is investigated. The energy storage converter uses a double-closed-loop strategy of voltage outer loop and current inner loop to stabilize the voltage of the DC bus. The multiple bidirectional DC/DC converter adopts a double-closed-loop control strategy based on the state of charge (SOC) of the battery pack to stabilize the power fluctuation of the photovoltaic power generation system. An photovoltaic/battery micro-grid system based on decommissioned lithium battery energy storage is built to verify the effectiveness of the control strategy.
    17  Novel Charging and Discharging Control Strategy of V2G Based on Virtual Machine
    ZHOU Jianping HU Chengyi MAO Dajun DENG Yujun YE Jianqiao FANG Le
    2020, 47(2):97-103. DOI: 10.12177/emca.2019.155
    [Abstract](565) [HTML](0) [PDF 863.11 K](930)
    Abstract:
    In order to improve the vehicle-to-grid (V2G) stability and enhance the friendly interaction between electric vehicle and power grid, a new type of V2G charging and discharging model for electric vehicle is designed. An electric vehicle V2G charging and discharging control strategy based on virtual machine is proposed. The DC interface of electric vehicle is controlled by the virtual DC machine. The AC interface of grid connection is controlled by the virtual synchronous machine. Compared with the traditional V2G structure, an isolated bidirectional DC/DC converter is used to connect the two side interfaces. On this basis, for the setting of virtual DC machine parameters, the damping coefficient is determined according to the initial state of charge (SOC) of each electric vehicle to determine the power distribution of electric vehicle group. The virtual inertia is adjusted in real time according to the change of SOC to improve the ability of electric vehicle to participate in grid frequency regulation. The simulation test of electric vehicles with different initial SOCs is carried out under different grid conditions. The simulation results show that the strategy can effectively coordinate the two-way power flow between electric vehicle and power grid while taking into account the needs of electric vehicle users, and reduce the harmonic current of the grid-connected point, thus maintaining stable operation of power grid.
    18  Dynamic Characteristics Analysis of Flux Linkage in Multiphase Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motor Under Phase Failure
    HAN Haifeng DENG Mingxing ZHANG Haijun MA Qiang XIANG Liming ZHU Bowen
    2020, 47(2):104-110. DOI: 10.12177/emca.2019.171
    [Abstract](475) [HTML](0) [PDF 872.64 K](827)
    Abstract:
    Analysis of the electromagnetic dynamic characteristics of permanent magnet synchronous motors (PMSMs) plays an important role in the research of power transmission system operation and fault diagnosis strategies. The dynamic characteristics of the flux linkage of multi-phase PMSMs are analyzed, and the relation between inductance and rotor position is deduced. Based on the dynamic mathematical model of stator flux linkage of five-phase PMSM, the modeling and simulation of flux linkage and inductance characteristics of five-phase PMSMs under different phase failures are carried out by using MATLAB software. The simulation results are compared and analyzed, and the results can provide theoretical reference for phase failure diagnosis and fault-tolerance control of PMSMs.

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