Mobile website
Volume 48,Issue 2,2021 Table of Contents
2021, 48(2):1-12.
DOI: 10.12177/emca.2020.197
Abstract:
The current development status of the small and medium electric machine industry is summarized, and the main problems existing in the domestic industry development are pointed out. The development opportunities and market requirements under the current international and domestic environment are analyzed. The guiding concept, strategy and targets on domestic industry development during the Fourteenth Five-Year Plan are given. The key development areas are described. Furthermore, the directions of product structure adjustment and industrial structure adjustment are forecasted.
The current development status of the small and medium electric machine industry is summarized, and the main problems existing in the domestic industry development are pointed out. The development opportunities and market requirements under the current international and domestic environment are analyzed. The guiding concept, strategy and targets on domestic industry development during the Fourteenth Five-Year Plan are given. The key development areas are described. Furthermore, the directions of product structure adjustment and industrial structure adjustment are forecasted.
2021, 48(2):13-21.
DOI: 10.12177/emca.2020.202
Abstract:
Due to the abundant reserve and randomness of wave, the control of wave energy conversion system to capture the maximum wave energy and control the grid-connected power quality has become the core issue of wave power generation. The method of wave energy conversion device to achieve the maximum wave energy capture is briefly described. The research results of using sliding mode variable structure control, adaptive control, optimal control, intelligent algorithm, fuzzy control, and passive control to control the maximum wave energy capture and improve power quality are summarized. At last, it is pointed out that the future control algorithm should be a combination of multiple advanced control algorithms.
Due to the abundant reserve and randomness of wave, the control of wave energy conversion system to capture the maximum wave energy and control the grid-connected power quality has become the core issue of wave power generation. The method of wave energy conversion device to achieve the maximum wave energy capture is briefly described. The research results of using sliding mode variable structure control, adaptive control, optimal control, intelligent algorithm, fuzzy control, and passive control to control the maximum wave energy capture and improve power quality are summarized. At last, it is pointed out that the future control algorithm should be a combination of multiple advanced control algorithms.
2021, 48(2):22-30.
DOI: 10.12177/emca.2020.204
Abstract:
The position controller of the conventional servo system only adopts proportional control, without consideration of the response speed and stability margin of the system. In addition, error-free tracking for input signals such as slopes cannot be achieved. The system error is analyzed by constructing the transfer function model of the servo system, and then a feedforward and feedback compound controller is designed. The compound controller reconstructs the error transfer function of the system, and enables the system to accurately track a given signal. As a result, the tracking performance and stability of the servo system are improved. In order to further improve the dynamic performance of the current loop, a back electromotive force (EMF) feedforward potential compensation is added to the current loop to reduce the impact of the back-EMF on the current response. Simulation and experiment show that the feedforward and feedback compound control improves the dynamic performance and tracking accuracy of the position servo system, and the effectiveness of the proposed control can be verified.
The position controller of the conventional servo system only adopts proportional control, without consideration of the response speed and stability margin of the system. In addition, error-free tracking for input signals such as slopes cannot be achieved. The system error is analyzed by constructing the transfer function model of the servo system, and then a feedforward and feedback compound controller is designed. The compound controller reconstructs the error transfer function of the system, and enables the system to accurately track a given signal. As a result, the tracking performance and stability of the servo system are improved. In order to further improve the dynamic performance of the current loop, a back electromotive force (EMF) feedforward potential compensation is added to the current loop to reduce the impact of the back-EMF on the current response. Simulation and experiment show that the feedforward and feedback compound control improves the dynamic performance and tracking accuracy of the position servo system, and the effectiveness of the proposed control can be verified.
2021, 48(2):31-35，44.
DOI: 10.12177/emca.2020.187
Abstract:
The error of resolver decoding circuit has effect on the rotor position detection accuracy of permanent magnet synchronous motor (PMSM). In order to reduce the influence, the principle of decoding circuit is analyzed. A decoding circuit with the advantages of high precision and fast response is proposed. The low voltage operational amplifier MCA33202 is used to decode the sine and cosine signals from the resolver, and the unit feedback closed-loop system is constructed based on the estimated angle after decoding. The key device parameters of the decoding circuit are optimized and the rotor position detection accuracy of PMSM is increased by the proposed method. Finally, the effectiveness and feasibility of the decoding circuit are verified by a 2.5 kW high-speed PMSM.
The error of resolver decoding circuit has effect on the rotor position detection accuracy of permanent magnet synchronous motor (PMSM). In order to reduce the influence, the principle of decoding circuit is analyzed. A decoding circuit with the advantages of high precision and fast response is proposed. The low voltage operational amplifier MCA33202 is used to decode the sine and cosine signals from the resolver, and the unit feedback closed-loop system is constructed based on the estimated angle after decoding. The key device parameters of the decoding circuit are optimized and the rotor position detection accuracy of PMSM is increased by the proposed method. Finally, the effectiveness and feasibility of the decoding circuit are verified by a 2.5 kW high-speed PMSM.
2021, 48(2):36-39.
DOI: 10.12177/emca.2020.189
Abstract:
The traditional speed sensorless vector control algorithm cannot meet the high-speed operation of the permanent magnet synchronous motor (PMSM). In order to solve this problem, a vector control scheme based on model reference adaptive system (MRAS) is designed. The control scheme is composed of an I/F controller and a MRAS. The I/F controller is used to control the motor at low speed and the MRAS is used to control the motor at high speed. After special treatment, the current in the switching process is smoothly transited to realize the normal operation at high and low speeds. The magnetic levitation PMSM is used as the driving object, and the rotor of the motor is connected with the fan to realize loading. The test results show that, compared with the traditional speed sensorless vector control, the proposed control scheme drives the PMSM to meet the high-speed operation conditions more effectively.
The traditional speed sensorless vector control algorithm cannot meet the high-speed operation of the permanent magnet synchronous motor (PMSM). In order to solve this problem, a vector control scheme based on model reference adaptive system (MRAS) is designed. The control scheme is composed of an I/F controller and a MRAS. The I/F controller is used to control the motor at low speed and the MRAS is used to control the motor at high speed. After special treatment, the current in the switching process is smoothly transited to realize the normal operation at high and low speeds. The magnetic levitation PMSM is used as the driving object, and the rotor of the motor is connected with the fan to realize loading. The test results show that, compared with the traditional speed sensorless vector control, the proposed control scheme drives the PMSM to meet the high-speed operation conditions more effectively.
2021, 48(2):45-49，56.
DOI: 10.12177/emca.2020.201
Abstract:
The inductance of the reluctance motor is nonlinear and the electromagnetic environment is complex and changeable. MATLAB has limited processing capabilities for complex electromagnetic parameters and cannot accurately reflect the actual operating conditions of the motor. A novel reluctance motor is designed and the feasibility of using Maxwell, Simplorer and MATLAB in coupling is studied. Through theoretical calculation and analysis, the mathematical model of the novel reluctance motor is calculated. The motor model is built based on Motor-CAD. Based on Maxwell, the motor parameters are optimized and the ECE model extraction process is explained. Based on Simplorer, a driving circuit model is established. The main circuit model of direct torque control is established based on MATLAB/Simulink, and then coupled for joint debugging. The simulation results show that the torque ripple of the novel reluctance motor based on direct torque control is lower, the coupling simulation analysis of multiple software is feasible, and it can accurately reflect the real-time operating conditions of the reluctance motor and the distribution of magnetic field lines at any time. The diversity of motor design approaches is enriched.
The inductance of the reluctance motor is nonlinear and the electromagnetic environment is complex and changeable. MATLAB has limited processing capabilities for complex electromagnetic parameters and cannot accurately reflect the actual operating conditions of the motor. A novel reluctance motor is designed and the feasibility of using Maxwell, Simplorer and MATLAB in coupling is studied. Through theoretical calculation and analysis, the mathematical model of the novel reluctance motor is calculated. The motor model is built based on Motor-CAD. Based on Maxwell, the motor parameters are optimized and the ECE model extraction process is explained. Based on Simplorer, a driving circuit model is established. The main circuit model of direct torque control is established based on MATLAB/Simulink, and then coupled for joint debugging. The simulation results show that the torque ripple of the novel reluctance motor based on direct torque control is lower, the coupling simulation analysis of multiple software is feasible, and it can accurately reflect the real-time operating conditions of the reluctance motor and the distribution of magnetic field lines at any time. The diversity of motor design approaches is enriched.
7 Research on Temperature Rise of High-Temperature Ultra-Slim Long Submersible Permanent Magnet Motor
2021, 48(2):50-56.
DOI: 10.12177/emca.2020.192
Abstract:
Traditional submersible motors have low slot full rate and large vibration, which increase the risk of damage to the winding insulation. A structure of combined stator module submersible motor is proposed, which can effectively increase the slot full rate to reduce motor vibration. However, under the working conditions of high temperature and high pressure, the temperature rise of this special structure motor needs to be further designed and checked. Due to difficulties in motor temperature test under actual operating conditions, to ensure the stability of the motor running, temperature rise of ultra-slim long submersible permanent magnet motor is studied. Its calorific value can be approximated by thermal load and verified by finite element method. The temperature rise distribution of the motor under extreme conditions is calculated, which provides an important basis for the design of ultra-slim long modular combined submersible permanent magnet motor (MCSPMM).
Traditional submersible motors have low slot full rate and large vibration, which increase the risk of damage to the winding insulation. A structure of combined stator module submersible motor is proposed, which can effectively increase the slot full rate to reduce motor vibration. However, under the working conditions of high temperature and high pressure, the temperature rise of this special structure motor needs to be further designed and checked. Due to difficulties in motor temperature test under actual operating conditions, to ensure the stability of the motor running, temperature rise of ultra-slim long submersible permanent magnet motor is studied. Its calorific value can be approximated by thermal load and verified by finite element method. The temperature rise distribution of the motor under extreme conditions is calculated, which provides an important basis for the design of ultra-slim long modular combined submersible permanent magnet motor (MCSPMM).
2021, 48(2):57-63.
DOI: 10.12177/emca.2020.203
Abstract:
According to the characteristics of high temperature (about 200 ℃) of electromagnetic mechanism for high temperature valve (EM-HTV), firstly, the electromagnetic field loss distribution and temperature field distribution of EM-HTV are studied by using electromagnetic field and temperature field analysis method. Then, a novel structure of "coil grading with interstage heat conduction ring and shell cooling plate" is proposed. Based on the principle of orthogonal experiment, the key dimensions of the proposed structure are optimized. The existing electromagnetic mechanism is improved, and the new structure is verified by temperature rise test. The error between the test data and the simulation data is within a reasonable range, which proves the feasibility of applying the electromagnetic field and temperature field analysis method to the coil temperature rise analysis. Finally, the temperature distribution of the high temperature electromagnetic drive mechanism of the new structure is studied, and it is found that the maximum temperature decreases from 278.29 ℃ by about 13.32% to 241.23 ℃, and the low temperature area increases obviously, which can meet the requirement of reliable operation temperature rise. In addition, the proposed structure has the advantages of convenient winding and easy troubleshooting, modular processing and modification of existing products.
According to the characteristics of high temperature (about 200 ℃) of electromagnetic mechanism for high temperature valve (EM-HTV), firstly, the electromagnetic field loss distribution and temperature field distribution of EM-HTV are studied by using electromagnetic field and temperature field analysis method. Then, a novel structure of "coil grading with interstage heat conduction ring and shell cooling plate" is proposed. Based on the principle of orthogonal experiment, the key dimensions of the proposed structure are optimized. The existing electromagnetic mechanism is improved, and the new structure is verified by temperature rise test. The error between the test data and the simulation data is within a reasonable range, which proves the feasibility of applying the electromagnetic field and temperature field analysis method to the coil temperature rise analysis. Finally, the temperature distribution of the high temperature electromagnetic drive mechanism of the new structure is studied, and it is found that the maximum temperature decreases from 278.29 ℃ by about 13.32% to 241.23 ℃, and the low temperature area increases obviously, which can meet the requirement of reliable operation temperature rise. In addition, the proposed structure has the advantages of convenient winding and easy troubleshooting, modular processing and modification of existing products.
2021, 48(2):64-70，75.
DOI: 10.12177/emca.2020.194
Abstract:
The low voltage ride through (LVRT) capability of traditional doubly-fed induction generator (DFIG) is insufficient. To solve this problem, the coordinated reactive power control of energy storage type doubly-fed wind farm combined with static compensator (STATCOM) is proposed. The control is based on the original model of the DFIG, and connects the super capacitor in parallel to the DC side of the wind turbine via an isolated DC/DC converter. As a result, the control can absorb the unbalanced power generated on the DC side during the fault. In the event of a low voltage failure, according to the input of super capacitor, coordinated reactive power control performs on the converter on both sides and the STATCOM connected in parallel on the outlet bus of the wind turbine to support the grid voltage. At the same time, the super capacitor energy storage device adopts voltage and current double-closed-loop control, which can meet the requirements of system stability and economy. Simulation results show that the proposed control in the wind power grid-connected system can greatly improve LVRT capability of DFIG.
The low voltage ride through (LVRT) capability of traditional doubly-fed induction generator (DFIG) is insufficient. To solve this problem, the coordinated reactive power control of energy storage type doubly-fed wind farm combined with static compensator (STATCOM) is proposed. The control is based on the original model of the DFIG, and connects the super capacitor in parallel to the DC side of the wind turbine via an isolated DC/DC converter. As a result, the control can absorb the unbalanced power generated on the DC side during the fault. In the event of a low voltage failure, according to the input of super capacitor, coordinated reactive power control performs on the converter on both sides and the STATCOM connected in parallel on the outlet bus of the wind turbine to support the grid voltage. At the same time, the super capacitor energy storage device adopts voltage and current double-closed-loop control, which can meet the requirements of system stability and economy. Simulation results show that the proposed control in the wind power grid-connected system can greatly improve LVRT capability of DFIG.
2021, 48(2):71-75.
DOI: 10.12177/emca.2020.190
Abstract:
Although the doubly-fed wind power generation system operates below the rated wind speed, the maximum output and stable operation need to be maintained. In order to realize this goal, a control mode of current inner loop and active disturbance rejection control (ADRC) speed outer loop is proposed, which makes the current and speed of doubly-fed induction generator (DFIG) quickly respond to the wind speed changes and conduct maximum power tracking. Simulation results show that ADRC has excellent anti-interference performance and adaptability, and can realize maximum power tracking of wind power generation system.
Although the doubly-fed wind power generation system operates below the rated wind speed, the maximum output and stable operation need to be maintained. In order to realize this goal, a control mode of current inner loop and active disturbance rejection control (ADRC) speed outer loop is proposed, which makes the current and speed of doubly-fed induction generator (DFIG) quickly respond to the wind speed changes and conduct maximum power tracking. Simulation results show that ADRC has excellent anti-interference performance and adaptability, and can realize maximum power tracking of wind power generation system.
2021, 48(2):76-83.
DOI: 10.12177/emca.2020.198
Abstract:
A set of high-power and wide-speed-range test platform for electric vehicle power system is developed by using modular design method. It can perform single component and system testing for different types of electric vehicle drive motors, controllers, and powertrains. It can adapt to the CAN configuration of different communication protocols, and can carry out custom road tests (including electric inertia simulation). The overall design principle of the test platform, the design of the measurement and control system of the test platform, and the analysis of the test results are given detailedly. The results show that the test platform can meet the test requirements of different types of motors and controllers with wide speed range.
A set of high-power and wide-speed-range test platform for electric vehicle power system is developed by using modular design method. It can perform single component and system testing for different types of electric vehicle drive motors, controllers, and powertrains. It can adapt to the CAN configuration of different communication protocols, and can carry out custom road tests (including electric inertia simulation). The overall design principle of the test platform, the design of the measurement and control system of the test platform, and the analysis of the test results are given detailedly. The results show that the test platform can meet the test requirements of different types of motors and controllers with wide speed range.
2021, 48(2):84-90.
DOI: 10.12177/emca.2020.182
Abstract:
In order to improve the operating reliability of the brushless DC motor (BLDCM), a Hall sensor fault diagnosis and fault-tolerant control method based on the least square method is proposed. Using the least square fitting curve as the evaluation model of the first-order Taylor algorithm, the rotor position of the motor is accurately estimated, so as to realize the diagnosis of the faulty Hall sensor. The jump time lost under the fault of the Hall sensor is reconstructed by adopting the jump time of the normal Hall position sensor, and the least square fitting curve is obtained again. This method can realize the fault-tolerant control under the fault of Hall sensor，and effectively restrain the mechanical installation deviation to estimate the position error of the Hall sensor failure. The experimental results show that the proposed fault diagnosis method can quickly and accurately identify the fault Hall sensor, and the fault-tolerant control method can effectively ameliorate the system performance when the fault occurs.
In order to improve the operating reliability of the brushless DC motor (BLDCM), a Hall sensor fault diagnosis and fault-tolerant control method based on the least square method is proposed. Using the least square fitting curve as the evaluation model of the first-order Taylor algorithm, the rotor position of the motor is accurately estimated, so as to realize the diagnosis of the faulty Hall sensor. The jump time lost under the fault of the Hall sensor is reconstructed by adopting the jump time of the normal Hall position sensor, and the least square fitting curve is obtained again. This method can realize the fault-tolerant control under the fault of Hall sensor，and effectively restrain the mechanical installation deviation to estimate the position error of the Hall sensor failure. The experimental results show that the proposed fault diagnosis method can quickly and accurately identify the fault Hall sensor, and the fault-tolerant control method can effectively ameliorate the system performance when the fault occurs.
13 Fault Diagnosis of Three-Level Inverter Based on Wavelet Packet Transform and Support Vector Machine
2021, 48(2):91-95，100.
DOI: 10.12177/emca.2020.196
Abstract:
A fault diagnosis method based on wavelet packet transform and support vector machine (SVM) is proposed to solve the problem of complex calculation and low accuracy in the open-circuit fault diagnosis of neutral point clamped (NPC) three-level inverter. The wavelet packet transform is used to decompose the fault signals with their timefrequency characteristics into several frequency bands, and the wavelet packet energy is extracted as the fault feature vector. The fault feature vector is taken as the input of SVM, the radial basis kernel function is used for cross-validation, and multiple SVM models are obtained through training the data set. Finally, the randomly selected test set is input into the trained model. Simulation results show that the method can diagnose the IGBT open-circuit fault and has higher fault recognition accuracy.
A fault diagnosis method based on wavelet packet transform and support vector machine (SVM) is proposed to solve the problem of complex calculation and low accuracy in the open-circuit fault diagnosis of neutral point clamped (NPC) three-level inverter. The wavelet packet transform is used to decompose the fault signals with their timefrequency characteristics into several frequency bands, and the wavelet packet energy is extracted as the fault feature vector. The fault feature vector is taken as the input of SVM, the radial basis kernel function is used for cross-validation, and multiple SVM models are obtained through training the data set. Finally, the randomly selected test set is input into the trained model. Simulation results show that the method can diagnose the IGBT open-circuit fault and has higher fault recognition accuracy.
14 Development of On-Line Test Equipment for Motor Based on the New Mode of Intelligent Manufacturing
2021, 48(2):96-100.
DOI: 10.12177/emca.2020.193
Abstract:
Aiming at the demand for on-line test of factory motors based the new mode of intelligent motor manufacturing, the on-line test technology of motors has been studied, and fully automatic, intelligent and information-based on-line motor test equipment has been developed. The equipment can complete the automatic unmanned detection of DC resistance, insulation, voltage resistance, locked-rotor, no-load, noise, and temperature of three-phase asynchronous motors in the power range of 0.75～15 kW and voltage range of 220～690 V, with a test cycle of 60 seconds per unit. The development and application of the equipment have improved the consistency, accuracy and traceability of the motor on-line test data, and the quality of the motor under high-intensity and fast operation is guaranteed. It provides equipment support and technical support for the promotion and application of the new mode of motor intelligent manufacturing.
Aiming at the demand for on-line test of factory motors based the new mode of intelligent motor manufacturing, the on-line test technology of motors has been studied, and fully automatic, intelligent and information-based on-line motor test equipment has been developed. The equipment can complete the automatic unmanned detection of DC resistance, insulation, voltage resistance, locked-rotor, no-load, noise, and temperature of three-phase asynchronous motors in the power range of 0.75～15 kW and voltage range of 220～690 V, with a test cycle of 60 seconds per unit. The development and application of the equipment have improved the consistency, accuracy and traceability of the motor on-line test data, and the quality of the motor under high-intensity and fast operation is guaranteed. It provides equipment support and technical support for the promotion and application of the new mode of motor intelligent manufacturing.
2021, 48(2):101-105.
DOI: 10.12177/emca.2020.188
Abstract:
Insulation technology of motor has been developing rapidly along with the improvement of motor manufacturing technology. Based on our engineering experience in the field of electric vehicle/hybrid electric vehicle (EV/HEV) motor manufacturing, a new type of insulation technology, electrical heating ultraviolet curing (E-UV) impregnation process, is introduced from three aspects: insulation material, equipment, and process. This technology is applicable for random windings motor manufacturing. It is demonstrated through practical application that this technology has several advantages such as low energy consumption, short cycle time and high utilization rate of insulation impregnating vanish, etc. It is very suitable for mass production of EV/HEV motors.
Insulation technology of motor has been developing rapidly along with the improvement of motor manufacturing technology. Based on our engineering experience in the field of electric vehicle/hybrid electric vehicle (EV/HEV) motor manufacturing, a new type of insulation technology, electrical heating ultraviolet curing (E-UV) impregnation process, is introduced from three aspects: insulation material, equipment, and process. This technology is applicable for random windings motor manufacturing. It is demonstrated through practical application that this technology has several advantages such as low energy consumption, short cycle time and high utilization rate of insulation impregnating vanish, etc. It is very suitable for mass production of EV/HEV motors.
You are thevisitor
沪ICP备16038578号-3
Electric Machines & Control Application ® 2025
Supported by:Beijing E-Tiller Technology Development Co., Ltd.
沪ICP备16038578号-3
Electric Machines & Control Application ® 2025
Supported by:Beijing E-Tiller Technology Development Co., Ltd.
