Volume 48,Issue 5,2021 Table of Contents

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  • 1  A Model Predictive Direct Torque Control Strategy for Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motor
    DU Chengdong NIE Ziling LI Zhongrui
    2021, 48(5):1-6. DOI: 10.12177/emca.2021.013
    [Abstract](653) [HTML](0) [PDF 798.97 K](847)
    Abstract:
    In conventional direct torque control (DTC), the switching instant of the voltage vector is variable and the switching point of voltage vector is limited by the hysteresis band. The model predictive control (MPC) is applied in permanent magnet synchronous motor (PMSM) DTC system, and an optimized voltage vector prediction selection method is analyzed. On one hand, the predicted stator flux linkage and electromagnetic torque are input into the corresponding hysteresis controller, and the appropriate voltage vector is selected from the limited set of voltage vectors to ensure that the predicted flux linkage and torque are within the corresponding respective hysteresis. On the other hand, the cost function and optimization strategy are introduced to select the corresponding optimal voltage vector under different conditions, and the control objectives besides current protection can be considered at the same time. The proposed algorithm is experimentally verified on a salient pole PMSM drive platform. Experimental results show that the proposed control strategy can effectively control the torque within the hysteresis controller, which verifies the effectiveness of the strategy.
    2  Rotor Initial Position Detection Method of IPMSM Based on High Frequency Coupling Injection
    LI Xinmin CHEN Wei ZHANG Guozheng WANG Zhiqiang CHEN Wei
    2021, 48(5):7-13. DOI: 10.12177/emca.2021.008
    [Abstract](422) [HTML](0) [PDF 877.37 K](838)
    Abstract:
    Due to the rotor salient polarity, the winding inductance of the interior permanent magnet synchronous motor (IPMSM) changes periodically with the rotor pole position. Considering this characteristic, a rotor initial position detection method of IPMSM based on high frequency signal injection is proposed. The high-frequency signals are injected into the stator two-phase windings in order, the line voltages of the high-frequency signals of the stator winding are extracted, and the initial position angle without considering the rotor magnetic polarity is obtained after calculation. The pulse voltage vector is injected to judge the rotor polarity, so as to obtain the accurate initial position angle. Theoretical analysis and experimental results show that the method has a little dependence on the resistance parameters, and is not affected by the nonlinearity of the inverter and the detection accuracy of the current sensor, so it can accurately detect the initial rotor position angle and meet the requirements of smooth start of the IPMSM.
    3  Research on Active Disturbance Rejection Control Strategy of Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motor Speed Regulation System
    CUI Dongming REN Junjie Huang Jiwen TIAN Muqin
    2021, 48(5):14-20. DOI: 10.12177/emca.2021.014
    [Abstract](621) [HTML](0) [PDF 833.16 K](821)
    Abstract:
    Permanent magnet synchronous motor (PMSM) is widely used in the industrial field. PI controller of PMSM cannot deal with the contradiction between fastness and stability, and the antidisturbance ability is weak. In order to solve these problems, the active disturbance rejection controller (ADRC) is used instead of PI controller in the speed loop of PMSM vector control system. Simulink is used to simulate the vector control system of PMSM based on ADRC and PI control respectively, and the control performances of the two strategies are compared. Then, the dSPACE experimental platform is used to verify the simulation results. The results show that the ADRC effectively suppresses the disturbance, the speed is adjusted quickly without overshoot, and the control performance of the system is improved.
    4  Sliding Mode Control of Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motor Based on Weighted Integral Gain
    WANG Hongyan CHEN Jingwen LI Yingchun
    2021, 48(5):21-25. DOI: 10.12177/emca.2021.006
    [Abstract](369) [HTML](0) [PDF 645.05 K](724)
    Abstract:
    Aiming at the problems of chattering and poor dynamic and static characteristics of traditional sliding mode controller (SMC), an SMC based on weighted integral gain is proposed. Based on the traditional exponential reaching law, the new reaching law introduces the weighted integral gain, and the accessibility of the sliding mode surface is verified by Lyapunov theorem. The weighted integral gain SMC, the traditional SMC and the integral gain SMC are compared. The simulation results show that the proposed weighted integral gain SMC can suppress the chattering of SMC and reduce the sliding mode observer estimation variance, and it has quickness and the insensitivity of external interference. The effectiveness and superiority of the control strategy are proved.
    5  Performance Comparison of Common-Mode Voltage Suppression of Different Space Vector Modulation Algorithms
    ZHONG Zaimin WANG Qinglong YIN Xing
    2021, 48(5):26-33. DOI: 10.12177/emca.2021.004
    [Abstract](654) [HTML](0) [PDF 1.03 M](853)
    Abstract:
    The drive system powered by three-phase inverter often produces the common-mode voltage with high amplitude and high frequency, which is harmful to the electromagnetic compatibility of the electric drive system and the service life time of the motor bearing. In order to suppress the common-mode voltage, the generation mechanism of the common-mode voltage under the space vector pulse width modulation (SVPWM) algorithm is analyzed, and the common-mode voltage suppression algorithms such as AZPWM1, NSPWM and TSPWM are simulated and analyzed. The results show that the three algorithms can effectively suppress the common-mode voltage, and the TSPWM algorithm has lower switching loss, unlimited linear modulation region and better comprehensive performance. But the motor phase current harmonic content of the three algorithms is higher than that of SVPWM. The results provide theoretical basis and guidance for the selection of common-mode voltage suppression schemes.
    6  Thrust Stability Control of Permanent Magnet Reluctance Linear Motor Based on Current Analytical Calculation
    ZHANG Huixian ZHANG Kunlun
    2021, 48(5):34-39. DOI: 10.12177/emca.2021.007
    [Abstract](357) [HTML](0) [PDF 816.03 K](696)
    Abstract:
    Permanent magnet reluctance linear motor (PMRLM) has the advantages of large thrust density and adjustable magnetic field because it can achieve dual excitation of permanent magnet and current, and its structure is simple and reliable. PMRLM is suitable for various large-scale assembly plants and logistics sorting center. However, due to the presence of double salient structure and permanent magnet flux harmonics, the flux and thrust ripples of the motor are large. Aiming at the above problems, the mathematical model of PMRLM is established, and the thrust stability control based on current analytical calculation is studied. A strategy that can quickly calculate the control current through a given thrust is proposed, and a simulation platform is built. The simulation results prove the effectiveness and robustness of the proposed method.
    7  Control Strategy for Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motor with 2-DOF PI Control Based on ESO
    ZHANG Haiyang LI Jifang XIONG Junhua YIN Jun LI Xue
    2021, 48(5):40-45. DOI: 10.12177/emca.2021.015
    [Abstract](561) [HTML](0) [PDF 760.39 K](819)
    Abstract:
    When the traditional PI speed control strategy is adopted for permanent magnet synchronous motor (PMSM), the requirements of small overshoot and quick response cannot be balanced at the same time. In order to solve this problem, a control strategy based on two degrees of freedom (2-DOF) PI control is presented. In addition, the load torque changes, motor parameters variation and other disturbance factors are regarded as total disturbance of the system. A disturbance observer based on extended state observer (ESO) is designed to observe the total disturbance. The observed value is used for feed-forward compensation. Simulation results show that the speed overshoot can be reduced, the speed tracking performance and the system capacity of anti-load disturbance can be improved by the proposed 2-DOF PI control method. It is also demonstrated that the capacity of anti-load disturbance can be further improved by the proposed control strategy of 2-DOF PI control based on ESO. The system also has a fast response without speed overshoot. The validity and effectiveness of the proposed control strategy are verified.
    8  Comparative Analysis of Transverse Flux Switched Reluctance Motor for Vacuum Dry Pump
    WANG Yue AN Yuejun AN Hui KONG Xiangling BI Delong LI Lihong
    2021, 48(5):46-52,65. DOI: 10.12177/emca.2021.002
    [Abstract](364) [HTML](0) [PDF 936.19 K](730)
    Abstract:
    In order to solve the problem that the vacuum pump motor rotor is difficult to dissipate heat in a vacuum environment, it is necessary to strictly control the temperature rise of the vacuum pump motor to improve the stability of the system operation. The rotor of switched reluctance motor (SRM) has no windings, the rotor loss is small, and the overall temperature rise is low, which is of great significance to improve the performance of the drive motor for vacuum pumps. On the basis of the traditional SRM, a transverse flux SRM for vacuum pumps is designed. Due to the large space of stator winding, it is conducive to the heat dissipation of the motor, and further reduces the loss of the stator, thereby reducing the overall temperature rise of the motor. Finally, the temperature field, thermal stress and thermal deformation of the bearing of the induction motor, radial SRM and transverse flux SRM with the same power and volume are compared and analyzed. The results show that the temperature rise, thermal stress and thermal deformation of the bearing of the transverse flux SRM are minimum, which indicates the feasibility of the transverse flux SRM as the driving motor for vacuum pump.
    9  Comparative Analysis of Rotor Heat Problem of Drive Motor for Vacuum Dry Pump
    WANG Bao AN Yuejun WANG Guangyu KONG Xiangling AN Hui HAN Ying
    2021, 48(5):53-59. DOI: 10.12177/emca.2021.005
    [Abstract](430) [HTML](0) [PDF 963.55 K](777)
    Abstract:
    Aiming at the problem that the rotor heat is difficult to dissipate during the operation of drive motor for vacuum dry pump, which causes the heat to be transferred to the bearing through the rotating shaft and the bearing to lock. Taking the 3.0 kW drive motor as an example, three schemes of induction motor (IM), permanent magnet synchronous motor (PMSM) and double salient permanent magnet motor (DSPMM) are designed respectively. The structure and electromagnetic scheme of the three motors are determined on the premise of ensuring that the three motors have the same size, power level, and rated speed. Based on the same cooling conditions, the temperature field and stress field of the key components of the three motors are simulated. The analysis results show that the rotor temperature rise of the DSPMM is lower during rated operation, and the bearing thermal deformation is the smallest, which can effectively reduce the risk of bearing lock during motor operation, and is more conducive to the long-term stable operation of the vacuum dry pump unit.
    10  Design Analysis and Optimization of the Rotor Sleeve of Ultra-High-Speed Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motor
    WEI Fudong WANG Jianhui LIU Pengpeng
    2021, 48(5):60-65. DOI: 10.12177/emca.2020.229
    [Abstract](855) [HTML](0) [PDF 771.83 K](818)
    Abstract:
    The ultra-high-speed permanent magnet synchronous motor (PMSM) has the characteristics of high speed and relatively low tensile strength of permanent magnets. Therefore, it is necessary to set a sleeve on the outside of the permanent magnet of the rotor,and generate radial compressive stress on the permanent magnet through interference fit, so as to offset the centrifugal force generated during the rotor high-speed rotation and protect the permanent magnet. A method for calculating and analyzing the thickness and interference of rotor non-magnetic alloy sleeve of the ultrahighspeed PMSM is proposed. Taking a 120 000 r/min ultra-high-speed PMSM as an example, the coupling simulation of temperature field and rotor statics is carried out by using finite element method, and the numerical method is verified. The optimized design is utilized to reasonably calculate the thickness and interference amount of the sleeve under the condition that the motor rotor meets the requirements of structural strength. It can effectively reduce the thickness of rotor sleeve, thus reducing the iron consumption of rotor,which provides a reference for rotor design of ultra-high-speed motor.
    11  Development of YX400-4 6 kV Level 1 Energy Efficiency
    WANG Wentao AN Zhendong
    2021, 48(5):66-71. DOI: 10.12177/emca.2021.024
    [Abstract](497) [HTML](0) [PDF 858.07 K](707)
    Abstract:
    The development process of YX400-4 6 kV level 1 energy efficiency high-voltage box motor is introduced. The energy efficiency grade of the motor is promoted to National level 1 by the electromagnetic optimization, the thickness reduction of insulation, and the structural improvement especially that of the ventilation structure. Development results verify the effectiveness of the above measures. Higher efficiency of motor, which has surpassed the energy efficiency grade of National level 2, is achieved. It has outstanding performance in energy saving, pollution reduction and environmental protection.
    12  On-Grid/Off-Grid Control Technology of Two-Stage Energy Storage Inverter
    WU Weiliang HOU Kai WANG Xiaohong YANG Hemin JIAN Youzong HU Jing
    2021, 48(5):72-78. DOI: 10.12177/emca.2021.009
    [Abstract](537) [HTML](0) [PDF 976.59 K](892)
    Abstract:
    In the large-scale application of new energy, energy storage device acts as a kind of controllable power supply. It has the advantages of large amplitude of peak regulation and fast response, so it plays an important role in ensuring the normal operation of microgrid. A two-stage energy storage inverter is introduced: one stage is the grid side converter which is composed of three-phase full control bridge, and the other stage is the DC converter which is composed of three interleaved parallel circuits. Then, the control principles of the energy storage inverter in on-grid/off-grid operation mode and the key points of switching between on-grid/off-grid are introduced. The MATLAB simulations show that the proposed control strategy can realize the normal operation of on-grid/off-grid and the smooth transition of switching between on-grid and off-grid, and the DC converter can improve the total output current capacity by three interleaved parallel circuits and reduce the total output current fluctuation by carrier phase shifting. The energy storage inverter can reliably realize the on-grid/off-grid operation control of microgrid. The continuity of renewable energy power generation output power is effectively improved, and the technical support for the further development of new energy field is provided.
    13  Research on Photovoltaic Driving Motor-Generator Pair to Participate in Frequency Regulation Under Load Shedding Control
    FU Wenqi YANG Xin GUAN Fei GU Yujun HUANG Yongzhang
    2021, 48(5):79-85. DOI: 10.12177/emca.2020.239
    [Abstract](464) [HTML](0) [PDF 993.78 K](697)
    Abstract:
    The integration of large-scale renewable energy source reduces the rotational inertia and primary frequency regulation capability of power systems. Motor-generator pair (MGP) system can provide the real rotational inertia without delay. The system structure and inertia level of a renewable energy integration MGP are introduced. The damp effect of MGP on the initial rate of change of frequency (ROCOF) is calculated. Based on the DC voltage feedback control strategy of MGP driven by photovoltaic (PV) integration, a constant load shedding control algorithm is proposed. A frequency feedback loop is introduced, and then the integrated control strategy of MGP driven by PV participating in power system frequency regulation is formed. Finally, through a 3-bus-9-node simulation system, the load shedding control algorithm is verified. The system primary frequency regulation effect of PV integration by different methods is compared in the conditions of the power fluctuating of source side and grid side. The result shows that under the integrated control strategy, PV integration driving MGP can supply stronger frequency support to the system.
    14  Ultra-Short-Term Wind Power Prediction Based on Two-Layer Decomposition Technique and PSO-LSTM Model
    PU Xianyi BI Guihong WANG Kai XIE Xu CHEN Shilong
    2021, 48(5):86-92. DOI: 10.12177/emca.2020.241
    [Abstract](414) [HTML](0) [PDF 1.03 M](778)
    Abstract:
    In order to improve wind power prediction accuracy, an ultra-short-term wind power prediction model based on the combination of two-layer decomposition technique and particle swarm optimization long short-term memory (PSO-LSTM) neural network is proposed. The fast ensemble empirical mode decomposition (FEEMD) method is used to deconstruct the original wind power sequence into a series of intrinsic mode function (IMF) components and the remainder term. The high frequency IMF is decomposed by the variational mode decomposition (VMD) of two-layer decomposition technology. The sample entropy is used to solve the problem of too many components and complicated calculation. The input dimension is determined by selecting the elements of high correlation degree with the predicted value through partial autocorrelation coefficient function (PACF). PSOLSTM is used to construct the prediction model, and the final value is obtained by superposition. The experimental results show that the combined model can effectively improve the prediction accuracy.
    15  An Optimal Cyclic Picking Method for Multi-Module Grid-Based Storage System
    GUO Penghui XIAO Fei JIA Zhengrong RUI Wanzhi XU Jin
    2021, 48(5):93-98. DOI: 10.12177/emca.2021.012
    [Abstract](435) [HTML](0) [PDF 885.78 K](1218)
    Abstract:
    n order to study the storage system with high storage density for the intelligent manufacturing line of motor, a multi-module grid-based storage system which is composed of multiple storage modules is put forward. An optimal cyclic moving method is proposed to make the load in the system move and be picked quickly. The storage system is abstracted as a graph model composed of nodes and edges and the concepts of ring and circular movement are proposed. The minimum number of action steps required for a cyclic movement is proved. The results show that a cyclic movement of all loads in the system can be completed within a minimum of 2 steps. Finally, taking a system instance as the object, the proposed method is used to construct the optimal circular movement and realize the fast cyclic moving and picking of all loads in the system. A theoretical basis for the performance analysis and design optimization of multi-module grid-based storage systems is provided.
    16  Development Status and Promotion Strategy of Motor Intelligent Manufacturing
    YU Wei HUANG Xianfeng LIU Jianhua
    2021, 48(5):99-104. DOI: 10.12177/emca.2021.011
    [Abstract](765) [HTML](0) [PDF 919.05 K](1345)
    Abstract:
    Intelligent manufacturing will be the mainstream manufacturing mode in the future, with the increasing requirements of motor manufacturing and the popularization of automation. The advantages and the misunderstanding of intelligent manufacturing are clarified based on the analysis of the current status and development trend of traditional motor manufacturing. At the same time, the content and strategy of intelligent manufacturing promotion are summarized. The focus content, implementation steps, principles and implementation result of Jiangsu Dazhong intelligent manufacturing project are introduced as an example. The results show that the overall production efficiency is increased by 35.75%, the production and operation cost is reduced by 26.21%, and the product defect rate is reduced by 75.84%. Finally, the intelligent manufacturing promotion reference strategy in motor industry is summarized to support the development of small and medium-sized motors.
    17  Research on Intelligent Workshop of Motor Based on Digital Twin
    SHI Hao YANG Zuwei ZHANG Jiaxin
    2021, 48(5):105-112. DOI: 10.12177/emca.2021.010
    [Abstract](708) [HTML](0) [PDF 1.11 M](1324)
    Abstract:
    The motor industry is gradually developing intelligent manufacturing projects with the implementation of the intelligent manufacturing policy in China. However, the problems of difficult implementation, long construction period and low degree of intelligence have become the main bottlenecks in the project construction process. The application of digital twin in the construction of intelligent motor workshops is proposed. The virtual modeling of the motor intelligent workshop, twin data acquisition and real-time drive, augmented reality (AR) twin interaction and other simulation technologies are discussed. The application method, process and scope of digital twin in the process of intelligent motor manufacturing are introduced through the intelligent construction of the motor embedding workshop. The results show that the application of digital twin can effectively reduce the debugging cycle and production cost of the workshop, and improve the reliability and verifiability of the project of the intelligent motor workshop.
    18  Research on Lightweight Design of Wheel-Side Motor for Bus
    LI Hong ZHU Kefei DING Yonggen
    2021, 48(5):113-117. DOI: 10.12177/emca.2020.240
    [Abstract](424) [HTML](0) [PDF 788.51 K](759)
    Abstract:
    The lightweight design of a certain type of permanent magnet synchronous wheel-side motor for bus is analyzed. The scheme and principle of the lightweight design of the motor are put forward, and the lightweight design of rotor end plate, rotor punching, casing and back-end cover of the motor is carried out. The finite element analysis software is used for the modal analysis of the lightweight motor rotor, and the random vibration of the wheel-side motor is analyzed by finite element method. The results meet the design requirements of the motor and ensure the reliability of the wheel-side motor. The lightweight design of the wheel-side motor provides an idea for further reducing the weight of the motor.

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