Volume 48,Issue 7,2021 Table of Contents

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  • 1  Overview of Energy Saving Technology for Beam Pumping Motor System
    WANG Yilong TIAN Chunyu ZHANG Liancheng DONG Weijie LIU Lei ZHAO Haisen
    2021, 48(7):1-10. DOI: 10.12177/emca.2021.047
    [Abstract](709) [HTML](0) [PDF 1.29 M](1445)
    Abstract:
    Oil production is a typical high energy consumption industry. Due to the heavy load, light load, no-load and power generation operation conditions of the system, the power supply, drive link and load of the pumping motor system are in low efficiency operation state. To solve these problems, the energy saving technology of this kind of load is analyzed. It is an important way to realize the energy saving of oilfield production. The characteristics and current situation of widely applied technologies such as voltage regulation, energy saving motor, intermittent power supply etc. are studied systematically. Firstly, based on the in-depth analysis of the operation conditions and energy consumption characteristics of the beam pumping motors (BPMs), the nonparametric energy saving technologies which do not change the operation cycle and stroke times of the BPMs are classified according to different energy saving mechanisms and implementation methods. Secondly, the characteristics of the widely used energy saving technologies, such as voltage regulation, energy saving motor and intermittent power supply, are systematically analyzed. Finally, as for improving the better energy saving effect and widening application field of the energy saving technology, some suggestions like detailed analysis of system energy efficiency, integration of various energy saving technologies, and comprehensive transformation of regional energy saving are put forward.
    2  Impact of Ducted Propeller Structure Parameters on the Efficiency of Permanent Magnet Motor Thruster
    WANG Zongbiao TIAN Haitao JIANG Shuzhong LUO Xiang
    2021, 48(7):11-17. DOI: 10.12177/emca.2021.054
    [Abstract](512) [HTML](0) [PDF 1002.76 K](719)
    Abstract:
    The endurance of ARV is directly affected by the efficiency of motor thruster, which is related with the efficiency of motor itself and the structure parameters of duct and propeller. Based on the coordinate transformation, the three-dimensional model of ducted propeller is established for a 10 000 meter ARV. The CFD simulation model of ducted propeller is built to analyze the hydrodynamic performance. Through the co-simulation of the permanent magnet propulsion motor and the control system, the loss and efficiency of the motor are calculated. Under the condition that the total thrust produced by the ducted propeller is constant, the relationship between structure parameters (disk surface ratio, trim angle and attack angle of the duct) and the thruster’s overall efficiency is analyzed. The results have certain guiding significance for the design and optimization of ducted propeller.
    3  Comparision Between DTC and MPTC for PMSM
    LI Yaohua LIU Zikun LIU Dongmei CHEN Guixin WANG Xiaoyu REN Chao
    2021, 48(7):18-25. DOI: 10.12177/emca.2021.039
    [Abstract](735) [HTML](0) [PDF 882.96 K](843)
    Abstract:
    Control performances, average switching frequency and parameter robustness of the direct torque control (DTC) and model predictive torque control (MPTC) based on stator flux coordinate system for permanent magnet synchronous motor (PMSM) are compared. It is shown that DTC has simpler structure and lower switching frequency. The ripples of flux and torque of DTC are higher than MPTC. MPTC has better control performances, but poor realtime performance. Poor parameter robustness and variable switching frequency are common drawbacks for DTC and MPTC. To overcome the drawbacks, an MPTC strategy is proposed, which can fix switching times at 2 in each sampling period with given candidate switching states. Simulation results show that the switching frequency of the inverter is fixed, which is 1/3 of the sampling frequency, and the number of candidate switching states is decreased to 3.
    4  Position Sensorless Control Using an Improved Sliding Mode Observer of PMASynRM
    WU Changlong CHU Jianbo
    2021, 48(7):26-33. DOI: 10.12177/emca.2021.050
    [Abstract](667) [HTML](0) [PDF 994.18 K](730)
    Abstract:
    For the magnetic saturation and cross coupling effect, the dq-axis inductance parameters of the permanent magnet assisted synchronous reluctance motor (PMASynRM) are unstable. In order to adapt the instability of the inductance and improve the robustness of the system, an improved algorithm of sliding mode observer (SMO) position sensorless control is proposed, which is based on the extended back electromotive force. The proposed control can estimate the position of the motor. To improve the chattering resistance ability of the system, the super twisting (ST) SMO is used to replace the conventional SMO, and the sigmoid function is used to replace the conventional sign function. The phase-locked loop (PLL) in rest frame is used to obtain the rotor position information. An improved SMO sensorless vector control simulation model is built in MATLAB/Simulink. The simulation analysis verifies that the improved algorithm can estimate the rotor position quickly and accurately, which has good chattering resistance and dynamic and static quality.
    5  Research and Application of Four-Quadrant Rectifier Control Strategy for Intercity EMU
    YANG Chunyu YUE Xuelei XIANGLI Yanni GAO Chuang
    2021, 48(7):34-38. DOI: 10.12177/emca.2021.041
    [Abstract](367) [HTML](0) [PDF 710.03 K](635)
    Abstract:
    On the basis of analyzing the topological structure of the single-phase four-quadrant rectifier of the intercity EMU, the mathematical model of the single-phase four-quadrant rectifier is obtained, and the control strategy of voltage outer loop and current inner loop is adopted. The DC side voltage and the grid side current are used as the control objects to realize the non-difference accurate control. Through Simulink simulation and testing, the proposed control strategy is verfiied. The test results show that during the transition from the pre-charging process to the pulse rectification process, the DC side voltage overshoot is small. Under traction/braking conditions, the phase difference between the grid side voltage and the grid side current is 0°/180°, the waveforms are well sinusoidal, and the DC side voltage is stable with small fluctuations.
    6  Characteristic Parameters of Controlled Object Based on Relay Feedback
    YAN Zhao ZHANG Liguang LI Hongnan LIU Ying YAN Yuxin
    2021, 48(7):39-43,60. DOI: 10.12177/emca.2021.040
    [Abstract](425) [HTML](0) [PDF 620.35 K](741)
    Abstract:
    In order to better tune the PID controller, it is necessary to obtain accurate model information of the controlled object. Due to the low calculation accuracy of ZN setting rules in relay feedback and uncertain characteristic parameters of the controlled object in engineering, it is impossible to use advanced control scheme to accurately control the system. The PID controller parameter selftuning method based on relay feedback is proposed, and the simulation analysis is carried out for the industrial object which is approximately the first order inertial pure lag link. The critical information of the system is obtained through relay feedback. Then the function relationship between the critical information and the model parameters is deduced. Finally, the characteristic parameters are calculated. The experimental results prove that the function relation can identify the inertia time and the lag time in condition of low error, which provides a quantitative reference for the design of PID controller.
    7  Rotor Structure Optimization Design of Synchronous Reluctance Motor
    XU Dongying BAO Xiaohua XU Yixiang SUN Yue
    2021, 48(7):44-50. DOI: 10.12177/emca.2021.051
    [Abstract](580) [HTML](0) [PDF 862.12 K](751)
    Abstract:
    Synchronous reluctance motor (SynRM) has the advantages of high efficiency, low cost and simple structure, but the large torque ripple has an effect on its smooth operation. In order to reduce the torque ripple of SynRM, it is necessary to optimize the rotor structure. A 22 kW four-pole SynRM is taken as an example, and Taguchi method is used to optimize the rotor structure of SynRM under different current loads. The rotor topology of SynRM is determined, the influence of key parameters of SynRM rotor structure on torque performance is explored, and the range of key parameters is preliminarily determined. Then, based on Taguchi method, the experimental analysis on motor is conducted under different current loads to obtain the optimal combination of rotor structure parameters, and the finite element simulation is used to verify the optimization results. In order to enhance the mechanical strength of the rotor, a radial magnetic bridge is added to the rotor structure, and the influence of the radial magnetic bridge on the torque performance of the motor is studied.
    8  Mechanism Analysis of the Influence of Damper Coils of DS-HTSM on Superconducting Excitation Field and Armature Reaction Field
    WANG Rui WANG Yubin ZHU Xinkai
    2021, 48(7):51-60. DOI: 10.12177/emca.2021.035
    [Abstract](373) [HTML](0) [PDF 1.13 M](672)
    Abstract:
    Based on the model of static airgap permeance of the double-stator high temperature superconducting machine (DSHTSM) with the stationary seal, the influence of damper coils on magnetic field is analyzed by using the analytical method and the finite element method. The inner airgap magnetic flux density is deduced according to the path of the armature magnetic field. Then, the equivalent electric circuit model of damper coils is built and the alternating harmonic induced near the superconducting coils is derived, which is then verified by finite element simulation. The results show that the squirrelcage damper coils can effectively weaken the negative influence of the fundamental harmonic of the armature reaction field on the superconducting coils and the excitation field of DSHTSM is basically uninfluenced.
    9  Research on Key Factors of Aerodynamic Noise Simulation of Metro Traction Motor
    WANG Wenqing ZHU Yiqiao HUI Xinwei ZHANG Wei
    2021, 48(7):61-67. DOI: 10.12177/emca.2021.034
    [Abstract](364) [HTML](0) [PDF 966.06 K](782)
    Abstract:
    In order to study the key factors of aerodynamic noise simulation of the metro traction motor and improve the simulation accuracy of aerodynamic noise,simulation comparison and analysis are performed with a self-ventilated metro traction motor as an example using ACTRAN software. The factors considered include the acoustic mesh size, the interpolation order of noise radiation from source region to the infinite field, and the properties of air medium under local temperature and humidity conditions.Then the simulation results are compared with the experiment results, which verifies the influence of key factors on the precision and efficiency of aerodynamic noise and provides a basis for more accurate and efficient simulation calculation of traction motor noise.
    10  Application Design and Analysis of FSCW PMSM Based on Stator Flux Barrier
    JIANG Jingcheng SHI Zhenchuan LIN Xiaogang ZHENG Qinggui XIE Wei
    2021, 48(7):68-72,83. DOI: 10.12177/emca.2021.038
    [Abstract](546) [HTML](0) [PDF 668.42 K](724)
    Abstract:
    The fractional slot concentrated windings (FSCWs) lead to the disadvantage of large harmonic content, which can easily cause stator and rotor core loss and vibration and noise problems, and limit the application of FSCW in high-end fields. Based on a 12-slot 14-pole permanent magnet synchronous motor (PMSM) with FSCW, the finite element software is used to simulate and analyze the effect of flux barriers in the stator non-wound teeth on magnetomotive force harmonics, electromagnetic torque, core loss and radial electromagnetic force, and compare the motors with and without stator flux barriers. The simulation results show that the motor using stator flux barriers can effectively reduce the low-order harmonics of the winding magnetomotive force. The 1st, 3rd and 5th harmonics are reduced by 87%, 84% and 30%, respectively, and the core loss is reduced by 21.1%. The lower-order radial electromagnetic force is reduced by more than 20%. The noise and vibration are effectively suppressed.
    11  Optimization Research on Rotor Insulation Structure of Doubly-Fed Induction Generator
    ZHANG Daopeng
    2021, 48(7):73-76,88. DOI: 10.12177/emca.2021.036
    [Abstract](384) [HTML](0) [PDF 587.70 K](726)
    Abstract:
    The rotor insulation structure of doubly-fed induction generator (DFIG) bears severe electric stress under the impact of variable frequency voltage. Although the coronaresistant polyimide film and its composite materials can increase the life of the rotor insulation structure, the feasibility of applying common insulation materials to the rotor insulation structure needs to be explored under the pressure of cost control. Through the electric field finite element simulation and the sample winding test, it is proved that the single-side glass fabric reinforced mica tape can be used alone or in combination with the polyester film reinforced mica tape. Both insulation structures have good electrical properties and can completely meet the design requirements of the wind turbine rotor insulation structure.
    12  Design of a Parametric Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motor Emulator
    FU Yifang LI Ruihua HU Bo HU Hao
    2021, 48(7):77-83. DOI: 10.12177/emca.2021.048
    [Abstract](461) [HTML](0) [PDF 996.27 K](794)
    Abstract:
    Aiming at the problems of complex system, high hardware cost and low flexibility existing in the traditional test scheme of electric drive system, a parametric permanent magnet synchronous motor (PMSM) emulator is designed. The parametric model of PMSM is established. On this basis, the topology and control strategy of power electronic device of motor emulator are designed. The system simulation analysis is carried out on MATLAB/Simulink platform, which verifies the feasibility and effectiveness of using power electronic device to simulate the actual motor port characteristics under different working conditions and driver faults. This research lays a foundation for the application of motor emulator.
    13  Research on Equivalent Load Thermal Test of Three-Phase Induction Motor Based on DC Injection
    WANG Chuanjun LIU Qi TONG Zhisong LI Yongqi
    2021, 48(7):84-88. DOI: 10.12177/emca.2021.043
    [Abstract](427) [HTML](0) [PDF 642.80 K](783)
    Abstract:
    An equivalent load test based on DC injection is designed to allow the temperature rise of the induction motor at rated load to be determined experimentally from a single test at conditions other than rated load. This method is often used in the cases of special machines with inaccessible free shaft ends, high-speed machines or vertical machines. According to this principle, a set of 24-position thermal test device with AC and DC power supply circuit is designed. The device injects continuous and adjustable DC current while supplying AC power to the motor, increases the effective value of current in the motor winding, realizes equivalent load, and completes the thermal test of the motor. The test shows that the standard deviation of the DC injection equivalent load method is slightly larger than that of the direct load method, and the uncertainty is within an acceptable range. This device can be used in the accelerated thermal aging test of the motor to analyze its insulation performance and obtain the expected life of the motor.
    14  Fault-Tolerant Control Strategy for Three-Phase Eight-Switch Inverter
    WU Ning SHI Weiguo
    2021, 48(7):89-94,106. DOI: 10.12177/emca.2021.046
    [Abstract](306) [HTML](0) [PDF 849.13 K](770)
    Abstract:
    For the fault tolerance topology of neutral-point-clamped (NPC) three-level inverter and its control problem, considering the case of inverter power devices open-circuit fault and the change of space vector after the fault occurs, the fault-tolerant three-level inverter model is set up by connecting the output terminal to the neutral point of the DC link, so as to implement fault-tolerant control under open-circuit fault. At the same time, considering the neutral point voltage balance in the DC side of the inverter, zero sequence voltage injection method is adopted to suppress the fluctuation of neutral point potential. Simulation results show that the fault-tolerant control strategy is feasible and effective.
    15  Design and Test of Motor Controller Used in New Energy Vehicles
    CHEN Dengfeng SUN Chenyu CHEN Lei WEI Chaoqun LI Yihan
    2021, 48(7):95-99. DOI: 10.12177/emca.2021.053
    [Abstract](428) [HTML](0) [PDF 817.20 K](859)
    Abstract:
    For the current situation of low power density and limited space utilization of domestic new energy vehicle motor controller, a new energy vehicle controller with high power density is developed. The design theory of structureand hardware is combined with experimental verification to develop the controller. In the early stage, the controller is optimized by design analysis and finite element simulation. In the later stage, the performance of the controller is verified by experiments. The experimental results show that the motor controller has high efficiency and high power density, and has practical significance.
    16  Design of Two-Way Energy Charge and Discharge Control System Based on PI Regulator and V2G Module
    JIN Zhengjun SONG Shuxuan FANG Xiang KE Gongwu XU Danlu JIN Ming
    2021, 48(7):100-106. DOI: 10.12177/emca.2021.055
    [Abstract](396) [HTML](0) [PDF 878.50 K](700)
    Abstract:
    The traditional two-way energy charge and discharge control system neglects the control of current inner loop and voltage outer loop, which leads to the unsatisfactory application effects. Therefore, a vehicle to grid (V2G) module based on internet of vehicle and a two-way energy charge and discharge control system are designed. Voltage fluctuation is controlled by two-way DC/DC converterto keep the current and voltage constant under charging and discharging conditions. Space voltage vector of the voltage and current double-closed-loop is used to control three-phase half-bridge voltage source PWM rectifier. The current inner loop and voltage outer loop are controlled by PI regulator, and the two-way flow of load current in a controlled state is used to realize the control of the two-way DC/DC converter, and finally realize the two-way flow of energy. The test results show that the voltage and current of the battery can be stable in 0.1 s, and the output voltage of the three-phase AC side and the single-phase AC side can be stable in 0.02 s and 0.12 s, respectively. The phase difference between voltage and current is 180°, the current waveform is good, and the current harmonics on AC side are effectively suppressed.
    17  High Pressure Ratio Vertical Die-Casting Technique for Motor Rotor Manufacturing
    WANG Yue YANG Yiyang CHENG Guodong
    2021, 48(7):107-110. DOI: 10.12177/emca.2021.045
    [Abstract](448) [HTML](0) [PDF 551.47 K](758)
    Abstract:
    The squirrel-cage rotor plays a critical role in motor performance. Vertical die-casting is a common production process for industrial motors. The traditional vertical die-casting technique adopts a boosting method to achieve a certain injection ratio pressure, and the injection system is often operated in an ultra-high-pressure state. It is likely to cause failures in production. What’s more, the lagging of pressurization has limited help in quality improvement, and the rotor filling rate is low. The high pressure ratio die-casting process increases the area ratio of the injection cylinder to the die-cast melting cup, using the medium energy accumulator to achieve one-time high pressure ratio die-casting. The equipment works stably and is not prone to failure. Compared with the traditional technique, the quality of the produced rotor is significantly improved, and the filling rate is increased by 3%~5%, which greatly improves the overall performance of the motor.
    18  Improvement of Rotor Solid Magnetic Pole of Large Synchronous Motor
    AN Zhendong XU Xingbing
    2021, 48(7):111-116. DOI: 10.12177/emca.2021.042
    [Abstract](355) [HTML](0) [PDF 1.08 M](672)
    Abstract:
    The development and application of the rotor solid magnetic pole structure of TSK6500-6 type 6 500 kW, 10 kV three-phase synchronous motor are introduced. By changing the connection mode of the “T-tail” structure between the magnetic pole and the magnetic yoke, the reliability and safety of the motor operation are improved, and the processing difficulty is reduced. The research results verify the effectiveness of the proposed measures. This research could provide reference for the design of rotor structure of large synchronous motor.

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